The effect of an application-based educational intervention with a social cognitive theory model on pregnant women in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia: a randomized controlled trial

Objectives@#The aim of this study was to elucidate the effect of application-based antenatal education based on social cognitive theory (SCT) on Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP II) scores, compliance with iron tablet consumption, and readiness for childbirth and complications among pregnant women in Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. @*Methods@#This randomized controlled trial included 71 pregnant women in the treatment group and 74 pregnant women in the control group. The treatment group application-based antenatal education based on SCT, while the control group attended a conventional pregnancy class. Iron tablet consumption was verified by counting the remaining iron tablets. Information on participants’ lifestyles was collected using the HPLP II questionnaire with the help of an assistant. The collected data were statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS ver. 24.0. @*Results@#The antenatal education intervention effectively increased the HPLP II score by 0.32 points (2.62 ± 0.331 before the intervention and 2.94 ± 0.273 after). Meanwhile, the control group had a 0.13-point increase (p = 0.001), from 2.67 ± 0.336 to 2.80 ± 0.275. There was no significant difference in iron tablet consumption (p = 0.333) or readiness for delivery and complications (p = 0.557) between the treatment and control groups. @*Conclusion@#Application-based antenatal education with SCT effectively increased the HPLP II scores of pregnant women in Denpasar, Bali. Although there was no significant difference in iron tablet consumption or readiness for delivery and complications, the values increased to a greater extent in the treatment group than in the control group. This education model is more suited to urban pregnant women who employed and have good internet access.

Conditioned medium of E17 rat brain cells induced differentiation of primary colony of mice blastocyst into neuron-like cells

Background@#Conditioned medium is the medium obtained from certain cultured cells and contained secretome from the cells. The secretome, which can be in the form of growth factors, cytokines, exosomes, or other proteins secreted by the cells, can induce the differentiation of cells that still have pluripotent or multipotent properties. @*Objectives@#This study examined the effects of conditioned medium derived from E17 rat brain cells on cells with pluripotent properties. @*Methods@#The conditioned medium used in this study originated from E17 rat brain cells. The CM was used to induce the differentiation of primary colonies of mice blastocysts. Primary colonies were stained with alkaline phosphatase to analyze the pluripotency. The morphological changes in the colonies were examined, and the colonies were stained with GFAP and Neu-N markers on days two and seven after adding the conditioned medium. @*Results@#The conditioned medium could differentiate the primary colony, beginning with the formation of embryoid-body-like structure; round GFAP positive cells were identified. Finally, neuron-like cells testing positive for Neu-N were observed on the seventh day after adding the conditioned medium. @*Conclusions@#Conditioned medium from different species, in this case, E17 rat brain cells, induced and promoted the differentiation of the primary colony from mice blastocysts into neuron-like cells. The addition of CM mediated neurite growth in the differentiation process.

Resin Template for Guiding Preparation in Resin Bonded Fixed Partial Denture – A Case Report

@#Resin Bonded Fixed Partial Denture (RBPFD) is a popular treatment for tooth preservation. Mechanical retention is a problem for RBFPD, where debonding is the main cause of failure. RBFPD preparation is minimal invasive. It removes undercut and tooth structure that supports retention so that single insertion guide can be achieved. This preparation was achieved by using surveyor on diagnostic cast, but there was a concern how to copy the surveyed cast to intraoral. Resin template method as a preparation guide was useful to avoid excessive tooth removal. RBFPD design was marked by using pencil on the diagnostic cast. The cast was surveyed to get the preparation designed and prepared by using milling device surveyor and burs. The template was made on the cast. Separator was applied and resin template was built along the margin until the occlusal line angle. The abutment teeth were etched and bonded. Bonding procedure was done on template. The template was placed on the teeth and polimerized. Abutment teeth preparation were done according to the cast with the bur contact simultaneously with the template’s margin and finishing line. Resin template has better accuration and adaptation, easier made and efficient, also prevent excessive tooth removal and control the preparation, mechanical retention can be achieved for RBFPD restoration longevity. Resin template is useful because preparation can be transfered from diagnostic cast to intraoral accurately.

Comparative antimycobacterial activity of some Indonesian medicinal plants against multi-drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

This study has been carried out to compare antimycobacterial activity of five selected Indonesian endogenous medicinal plants of Andrographis paniculata, Annona muricata, Centella asiatica, Pluchea indica, and Rhoeo spathacea against clinical isolate of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The aqueous extracts of leaves of Andrographis paniculata, Annona muricata, Centella asiatica, Pluchea indica, and Rhoeo spathacea were obtained by maceration, and the phytochemical constituents of each extract were screened. Antimycobacterial activity of aqueous plant extracts were determined by proportion methods using Lowenstein Jensen (L-J) medium. Our study exhibited that all extracts of five selected plants showed inhibited activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain and multi drug resistant (MDR) strain. The proportion inhibition of aqueous extract of Andrographis paniculata, Annona muricata, Centella asiatica, Pluchea indica, and Rhoeo spathacea, against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv strain were 100%, 82.1%, 78.5%, 100%, and 100% respectively, whereas against MDR strain were 93.7%, 50.0%, 50.0%, 100%, and 100% respectively. The phytochemical analysis showed that the extracts were predominantly contains flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins and glycosides. Pluchea indica, and Rhoeo spathacea showed good antimycobacterial activity against MDR strains and could be useful as complementary alternative therapy in combating the emergence of MDR strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Study of FRDA gene in suspect Friedreich ataxia patients

Friedreich ataxia [FA] is an autosomal recessive disorder. Cause of about 2-4% of disease is a GAA triplet repeat expansion in the one allele and carries a point mutation as the other allele. This study was performed to investigate exons of FXN gene to find point mutations for the first time in Iran. In this descriptive study, 50 patients suspected to FA who referred to Special Medical Center were investigated. Genomic DNA was investigated by different PCR methods, including PCR for intron, Long PCR and PCR for exons of FXN gene. Then, products were sequenced and finally sequences were analyzed by related software. C to G nucleotide in intron 2 nt:825954, and T to C in intron 3 nt:832729 of FRDA gene were observed by sequencing method. Nucleotide G insertion was detected in exon 5a nt: 822225. Our study showed that diagnosis of FA is not simple because of clinical overlapping with other ataxia, some mutations in intron maybe affect on the disease which need more examination, and because of consanguinity marriage in Iran, some patients with homozygote mutation may show FA phenotype

Patterns of bacterial resistance against Ceftriaxone from 2002 to 2005 in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia.

The spread of drug resistant microbes is a global public health challenge which impairs the efficacy of antimicrobial agents and causes substantial increase in morbidity and mortality rates, including healthcare-associated costs. Monitoring of antimicrobial drug resistance from documented microbial epidemiology & resistance rate is useful in preventing the emergence of resistance. This study reports on the pattern of bacterial resistance against ceftriaxone in the past 4 years. The data were obtained from specimens examined in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia from 2002 to 2005. Microbial species were determined from culture and identification tests. Disc diffusion method was used for sensitivity testing of ceftriaxone to 14 Gram-negative and 7 Gram-positive bacteria. Although resistance rates were increased from 2002 to 2005, resistance rates of ceftriaxone were found to be less than 50%. Low resistance rates (< 3%) were observed for Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi A, Shigella flexneri, Serratia marcescens, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. These results could be useful in developing guidelines on the use of ceftriaxone in Indonesia.