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Rev. chil. nutr ; 36(3): 278-284, sept. 2009.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-554698

ABSTRACT

El Síndrome del Ovario Poliquístico (SOP) es un desorden endocrino que ocurre entre las mujeres en edad reproductiva. Se caracteriza por irregularidad menstrual, anovulación crónica, infertilidad e hiperandrogenismo. La prevalencia de la obesidad es alta entre mujeres con el SOP y sus causas aún no están esclarecidas. Anormalidades en el gasto energético y en la respuesta disminuida de las hormonas gastrointestinales responsables por el control de la ingestión alimentaria, especialmente la grelina son posibles hipótesis para explicar la obesidad asociada al SOP. Los efectos de la composición dietética en el SOP aún están poco explorados. Es posible que los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados (PUFA) mejoran la sensibilidad insulínica y que dietas hiperproteicas potencializan la pérdida de peso y mejoran la función reproductiva. Sin embargo, las evidencias actuales no son suficientes para determinar las características dietéticas mas adecuadas para el SOP. La conducta dietética debe enfocar la pérdida de peso con dietas nutricionalmente completas y balanceadas.


Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders among women at reproductive age. Its classical form is characterized by menstrual irregularities, chronic anovulation, infertility, and hyperandrogenism. The prevalence of obesity is high among women with POS and its causes have not been fully clarified. Hypotheses have been raised suggesting the possible presence of both abnormal energy expenditure and a reduced response of the gastrointestinal hormones responsible for the control of food ingestion, especially ghrelin. The specific effects of diet composition on POS have been little explored. It has been suggested that po-lyunsaturated fatty acids may improve insulin sensitivity and that high-protein diets may potentiate weight loss and improve reproductive function. However, current evidence is insufficient to determine the optimum composition of a diet for POS patients. The dietary conduct should focus on weight loss to be achieved with nutritionally complete and balanced diets.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Diet , Nutrients , Obesity/complications , Obesity/diet therapy , Peptide Hormones , Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/complications , Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/diet therapy , Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage , Energy Metabolism , Ghrelin , Dietary Fats/administration & dosage , Obesity/metabolism , Dietary Proteins/administration & dosage , Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/metabolism
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