ABSTRACT
Introducción: Estudios realizados a nivel preclínico han demostrado el valor biológico del concentrado proteico obtenido de Medicago sativa L, alfalfa (CPA), por lo que este producto puede ser una alternativa para reducir la desnutrición. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto del consumo de CPA por niños preescolares con desnutrición crónica, mediante indicadores bioquímicos y hematológicos. Diseño: Estudio analítico de intervención, de tipo longitudinal y prospectivo. Institución: Centro de Investigación de Bioquímica y Nutrición, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Participantes: Niños preescolares con desnutrición crónica, provenientes de una comunidad de Pampas, Huancavelica, Perú. Intervenciones: Previo consentimiento informado de los padres, se evaluó el estado alimentario-nutricional, bioquímico y hematológico de 23 niños menores de seis años, para establecer la condición de desnutrición. Luego, se desarrolló una intervención alimentario nutricional con el CPA como complemento alimenticio, por 25 días, en niños seleccionados. Finalmente, se repitió la evaluación una vez concluido el período de intervención. Las determinaciones bioquímicas fueron hemoglobina, proteínas totales, albúmina y globulina, creatinina, transaminasas, y las hematológicas, hematocrito, recuento de reticulocitos. Se utilizó el programa Excel y t-student, a fin de obtener la inferencia en los resultados. Resultados: Para el indicador talla/edad, 84,5% de los niños padecía desnutrición crónica; respecto a calorías y nutrientes consumidos por los niños, los valores de energía estuvieron entre 563 kcal y 2 597 kcal; de proteína, 9,7 g a 78 g; de grasas, 5,1 g a 53,8 g; carbohidratos, 79,8 g a 495,1 g; calcio, entre 180,9 mg y 986 mg; y hierro, 1,9 mg y 21,5 mg. Los valores de hemoglobina, proteínas totales, globulinas, creatinina, transaminasas y hematocrito obtenidos antes y después de la ingesta de CPA, no presentaron variaciones (p>0,05); pero, los valores de albúmina y recuento de reticulocitos se incrementaron significativamente después de la ingesta (p<0,05). Conclusiones: El consumo diario de CPA por niños con desnutrición crónica por 25 días aumentó significativamente los valores de recuento de reticulocitos, así como los niveles de albúmina sérica.
Introduction: Studies made at preclinical level have demonstrated the Medicago sativa L, alfalfa (CPA)Æs concentrated protein biological value; as such this product could be an alternative to reduce undernourishment. Objective: To determine CPA consuming effects in kindergarten children with chronic undernourishment by biochemical and hematologic indicators. Design: Intervention analytical, longitudinal and prospective study. Setting: Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Participants: Pampas, Huancavelica, Peru, preschool children with chronic undernourishment. Interventions: Previous parents informed consent we determined the nourishment-nutritional, biochemical and hematologic status of 23 less than six year-old children in order to establish undernourishment. Then a CPA nutritional nourishment intervention in the chronically undernourished children was developed for 25 days and finally the initial evaluation was repeated. Biochemical -hemoglobin, total proteins, albumin and globulin, creatinine, transaminases- and hematologic -hematocrit, reticulocytes count- determinations were done before and after providing the CPA nutritional complement. Excel program and t-student were used in order to obtain results inference. Results: By stature/age indicator 84,5% of the children suffered chronic undernourishment. With respect to calorie and nutrients consumed by the children, energy values were between 563 kcal and 2 597 kcal, protein 9,7 g to 78 g, lipids 5,1 g to 53,8 g, carbohydrates from 79,8 g to 495,1 g, calcium between 180,9 mg and 986 mg, and iron from 1,9 mg to 21,5 mg. Hemoglobin, total proteins, globulins, creatinine, transaminases and hematocrit before and after CPA ingestion did not display variations (p>0,05) but albumin and reticulocytes count increased significantly following ingestión (p<0,05). Conclusions: CPA daily consumption for 25 days CPA by children with chronic undernourishment significantly increased reticulocytes count and albumin levels.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Albumins , Protein Deficiency , Medicago sativa , Reticulocytes , Longitudinal Studies , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
T. pallidipennis was found naturally infected in localities of domestic, peridomestic and wild areas in the State of Morelos, México. In agreement with the triatomines high potentiality like vectors of T. cruzi, protozoan that causes Chagasïdisease and the Knowledge of these bugs in México, the aim of the present research was to collect triatomines for assessment of T. cruzi infection, to characterize and compare life cycles, identification of feeding preferences and observe indexes of experimental infectivity. Seven isolates of T. cruzi were obtained, from differents localities which curves of parasites showed different behaviors. Histopathological study, carried out by counting of amastigotes nests, which affected the gastrocnemius muscle and heard was observed. The life cycles of T. pallidipennis was completed in 131 days. The feeding preferences were rats, cats and pigs
Subject(s)
Animals , Insect Vectors , Triatoma , Trypanosoma cruzi , Chagas Disease , Feeding Behavior , Insect Vectors , Intestines , Life Cycle Stages , Mexico , Triatoma , Trypanosoma cruziABSTRACT
The purpose of this paper is to show up the importance of the standardization concepts in american trypanosomiasis epidemiological studies. The consistence in the measurement of some dwelling characteristics was evaluated. A validation of the queretaro antigen for indirect hemagglutination reaction as a diagnostic test and the interobserver concordance for the serologic readings were also made. The observers were instructed in some sessions. The pretests were made in the laboratory with positive and negative sera, with sera from the studied population. Results show that the interobserver concordance after the instruction, for the dwelling variables ranged from 70 percent to 100 percent. Sensitivity of the queretaro antigen was 100 percent, specificity 55 percent, the predictive value of a positive test 55 percent, and the predictive value of a negative test 93 percent. The interobserver concordance was 47 percent. The pretest and the pilot study are very important in getting the objetives of the principal study
Subject(s)
Humans , Chagas Disease/diagnosis , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolation & purification , Antigens, Protozoan , Chagas Disease/parasitology , Housing , Predictive Value of Tests , Hemagglutination Tests , Serologic Tests , Trypanosoma cruzi/immunology , Trypanosoma cruzi/pathogenicityABSTRACT
A seasonal research was carried out in Irapuato, Guanajuato and Zamora, Michaocan, Mexico, the location of the most important producers of strawberries, in order to assess fecal contamination through the findig of protozoan cysts and helminth eggs, specifically of Taenia sp eggs. Three techniques were used: direct observation, flotation and sedimentation. Low numbers of protozoan cysts and only one Ascaris egg were found. What is most interesting is that no Taenia eggs were identified. Results indicate that although strawberries are contaminated with human feces, contamination is minimal
Subject(s)
Agricultural Irrigation , Water Pollution/adverse effects , Drainage, Sanitary , Fruit/parasitology , Parasitic Diseases/etiology , Parasitology , Wastewater/adverse effects , Water Pollutants/adverse effectsABSTRACT
It was determined the presence of posoncospheres in muscular tissues in 20 natural cysticercotic pigs and in 20 pigs apparently free of taenia solium metacestodes. Ten differents anatomical regions were dissected, giving 400 samples in total. The animals were slaugthered in Ecatepec, México State, México. The samples were kept in bottles with saline and were processed in the Laboratorio de Biología de Parásitos, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM); cysticercus were counted and later on the resulting muscular mass was grinded and observations were made in the sediment for posoncospheres search. Mann-Withney statistical method revealed meaningful differences between postoncospheres in cysticercotic pigs and not apparently cysticercotic pigs. The linear correlation analysis showed no relation between cysticercus quantity and postoncospheres quantity in the same samples. Postoncospheres were found in cysticercotic animals and in those apparently free of cysticercus, in the last group the quantity was bigger
Subject(s)
Animals , Cysticercosis/parasitology , Muscles/parasitology , Swine/parasitology , Taenia/isolation & purification , Cysticercosis/transmission , Meat/parasitology , Mexico/epidemiology , Parasite Egg Count/statistics & numerical data , Sampling Studies , Isotonic Solutions , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Taenia/pathogenicityABSTRACT
Se comunica un brote epidémico de Larva migrans cutánea, posterior a lluvias intensas al paso del huracán Celia, en siete estudiantes y un profesor de la Facultad de Ciencias. El diagnóstico se estableció clínicamente; se realizaron frotes sanguíneos para cuantificación de eosinófilos. Fueron tratados con albendazol a dosis convencionales y tiabendazol tópico
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Larva Migrans/diagnosis , Larva Migrans/physiopathology , Albendazole/therapeutic use , Dermatitis/diagnosis , Dermatitis/microbiologyABSTRACT
Se presenta un documento elaborado con base en algoritmos de conducta diagnóstica en parasitosis intestinales. Este tiene la finalidad de presentar de manera lógica y secuencial los procedimientos convencionais de diagnóstico en las enteroparasitosis. Dichos algorimos se presentan con el objeto de unificar los diversos criterios de metodología diagnóstica que en la actualidad se emplean en diversas instituciones
Subject(s)
Humans , Algorithms , Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/diagnosisABSTRACT
A survey was made of residents and hospital patients in Miahuatlan, Oaxaca, México, for cases of Chagas'disease. This survey focused primarily upon 85 patients attending the local hospital who had clinical pictures suggesting the disease, 14 with possible acute cases and 71 with possible chronic cases. In addition, sera from 14 Miahuatlan blood donors were examined; seroepidemiologic testing was performed with 52 sera from schoolchildren at another community nearby, and triatomine bugs were collected from Miahuatlan residences. Each of the 85 patients provided a complete clinical history and blood specimen, and each was given an ECG and a series of heart X-rays or chest teleradiography. In some cases biopsy or necropsy speciments were obtained. A variety of parasitologic and serologic test performed with these specimens indicated chagasic infections in four of the 14 subjects with possible acute cases and eight of the 71 subjects with possible chronic cases. One of these latter subjects had the first case of Chagas'disease involving a megasigmoid that had ever been reported in México. A high proportion (78 percent of the sera from Miahuatlan blood donors tested positive for Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies by complement fixation, as did 88 percent of the sera from the 52 schoolchildren. A total of 57 triatomid vector insects were captured alive and tested for T. cruzi. Most (92 percent) were