ABSTRACT
Background: area strain [AS] has become a parameter of increasing concern. AS is a parameter that combines both the longitudinal and the circumferential deformations and it is acquired using three dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography [3D STE]. This parameter should be used to detect pathological changes as it is more sensitive than the conventional parameters in evaluating left ventricular [LV] systolic function
Aim: the present study aimed to estimate the maximum normal systolic reference value of Area Strain in a sample of healthy subjects
Subjects and Methods: the study conducted 180 healthy subjects [33.4+/-9.7yrs, 94.4% males, 5.6% females]. The subjects were volunteers without heart-related diseases or other diseases .They were classified into three different age groups : Group I is between the ages of 20-30, Group II is between the ages of 30-40 and Group III is between the ages of 40-50
Results: the study showed that the mean global area strain at group I , group II and group III were -28.40 +/- 2.48% , -28.57 +/- 2.73% and -28.53 +/- 2.81% respectively. The mean maximum systolic global area strain of all the studied subjects was -28.50 +/- 2.66%. The difference between the three groups was statistically insignificant
Conclusion: the study concluded that global area strain obtained from 3D STE may be used clinically as an additional diagnostic method since Area Strain can provide a more global and comprehensive assessment of LV systolic function than traditional parameters
ABSTRACT
Assessment of soft tissue profile is an essential step in planning the correction of maxillofacial deformities. In this study 50 lateral cepholograms of young adult Egyptians with normal occlusion were analyzed to get the nor mal soft tissue measurements of anteroposterior relation and vertical proportions. This study has proved the presence of some difference in the anteroposterior relations and vertical proportions between the Egyptians and American Caucasians. Egyptians have a soft tissue chin that is less prominent than the Americans, but the soft tissue chin thickness is larger in Egyptians than the Americans. Upper and lower lips are more protrusive in Egyptians than the Americans. Both upper and lower lips at vermilion are thicker in Egyptians than the Americans. In the vertical proportions, Ricketts-Devine proportions could be applied in the Egyptians faces with one difference The subnasal point [Sn.] should be used in Egyptians instead of the Alar rim point [Ar.] that was used by Ricketts in Americans