ABSTRACT
Natural disasters occur in communities and sometimes led to tragic disasters. In the meantime, earthquakes are the most surprising one, which becomes a human tragedy in the absence of community prevention and preparedness, and have a destructive effect on human beings, habitat and the community directly and indirectly. This study aims to answer this question how to take proper managing of relief operations; and to explore and identify the strengths and weaknesses points of relief operations management by asking directors' and officers' point of views of Red Crescent society and its branches involved in relief working to the affected people in Eastern Azerbaijan. In this qualitative study, managers, deputies and heads of branches were selected and studied in the affected areas of Eastern Azerbaijan [Varzeqan, Ahar and Harris] in 2012. Using purposive sampling, data was collected and analyzed by content analysis and in-depth interviews technique. The reliability coefficient was C. [R=0/71]. The results show that attendance time of relief workers category was appropriate than others categories in carrying out relief operations of Red Crescent society in East Azerbaijan and other categories were very inappropriate/low inappropriate/somewhat inappropriate. According to the results, a crisis management committee including different organizations and agencies are required to plan properly for the way to deal with disasters and relief working, and timely and equitable of facilities distribution. In one hand, this planning should be at the macro level between all agencies and organizations including military and armed forces, ministries [roads and transportation, power, telecommunications, health care, etc.], municipality, councils and governors, county, and Red Crescent society. On other hand, this planning should be at the micro-level [coordination between various parts of Red Crescent society] inside Red Crescent society and in form of a protocol job description defined clearly
ABSTRACT
According to the vulnerability of the country towards natural disasters, it is essential to plan and take actions in order to minimize their effects and consequences. However, the research activities in this field and also the use of ideas and experiences of relief workers, affected people and also people involved in disasters are extremely effective. In this analytic - descriptive survey, all affected people were studied in the townships of Ahar, Harris and Varzeqan [in East Azerbaijan province]. By using stratified and randomly sampling, about 491 people in urban and rural areas of these affected areas were selected and studied based on Cochran formula. According to the census in 2006, the total population was 263,639. [df=95%], [r=0/05]. According to the findings, the performance of relief workers was assessed well in distribution of relief items, medical services and first aid. Also, about half of the people were satisfied with the provision of basic supplies and most people were satisfied with the distribution and access of drinking water. Almost half of the people were satisfied with distribution of relief camps and assessed well the emergency accommodation. The results showed that the performance of Red Crescent society has been very well with regard to the extent of the disasters especially in distribution of the required items and health services. Also, comprehensive plan should be done by Red Crescent society in the field of health services because the satisfaction of the health is about average. Necessary planning and prediction should be done in case of disasters because almost one third of citizens are living in rural areas
Subject(s)
Humans , Societies , Relief Work , Earthquakes , DisastersABSTRACT
The present study aimed at comparing psychological problems between smoker and non-smoker students and also males and females. A total of 22 faculty members of public and private universities in Tehran were selected through random sampling and 913 students from the same universities were selected through convenient sampling and enrolled in this study with a 2-step sampling method. Hopkins Symptom Checklist was used for data collection. Significant differences were detected between smoker and non-smoker students in Hopkins score, depression, anxiety and somatization. In addition, smoker women gained higher Hopkins scores, somatization, anxiety and interpersonal sensitivity scores compared to smoker males. Incidence of signs and symptoms of depression, anxiety and other psychological disorders was higher among smoker individuals. Therefore, smoking control strategies should further focus on this subject
ABSTRACT
A case of cervical ectopic pregnancy in a 37 years old woman with history of two previous cesarean sections and one dilatation/curettage. The case was the advanced cervical pregnancy reported in Iran, which diagnosed in 12 week of gestation by MRI and finally treated by hysterectomy