ABSTRACT
Introduction: Tuberculosis has remained and is one of the major issues of the under developed world including Pakistan. About 10-11 percent cases of tuberculosis are from pediatric population. Isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide constitutes generally used therapeutic regime. Directly observed treatment short course [DOTS] is now much popular strategy. Ant tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury creates obstacles in treatment and also exerts socioeconomic strain on resources
Objective: To determine the frequency, severity and pattern of the Anti-tuberculosis Drug-Induced Liver Injury in children under 14 years of age
Study Design: Case series study
Duration of Study: 02-10-2015 to 03-10-2016
Setting: Department of Pediatric Medicine Unit-1, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad. Sample size: The total sample size is 100 cases. Sampling Technique: Non-probability purposive sampling. Methodology: Total of 100 patients with either sex from 1 to 15 years of age, on anti-tuberculosis therapy due to any variety of tuberculosis having normal liver anatomy and function initially were studied. Patients already having hepatobiliary disease regardless of etiology were not enrolled in study. Initial diagnosis was confirmed using set criteria. All patients underwent detailed medical history and physical examination followed by investigations. Data comprising age, sex, type of tuberculosis, treatment interval, and hepatotoxicity etc. was collected using designed Performa by the researcher. The data was analyzed through SPSS-20 by means of descriptive statistic
Results: In our study, out of 100 children, minimum age was 6 months and maximum age was 156 months and Mean + SD was calculated as 38.07+/-37.368 months, 51 [53.1 percent] were male and 45 [46.9 percent] were females, ventilator associated pneumonia was recorded in 19 [19.8 percent] while 77[80.2 percent] had no findings of the ventilator associated pneumonia
Conclusion: The frequency of TB DILI was 14.0 percent in this study, indicating the importance of keeping index of suspicion high for the development of hepatotoxicity with anti-tuberculosis therapy in children being treated for any variety of tuberculosis
ABSTRACT
Background: Asthma, when uncontrolled is a crippling condition and due to increasing allergens, the patients are increasing in number worldwide
Objective: To determine the level of asthma control in southern Punjab and impact of education level, habitat and gender on it
Subjects and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted in the outpatient consultant's clinic, Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur, from 1[st] February to 30[th] September, 2011. All the patients diagnosed as having asthma by the physicians, were interviewed about the control of asthma. The data was collected on a questionnaire that included questions on the level of control of asthma and other related variables. Data was entered and analyzed by SPSS version 10
Results: A total of 768 patients were included in study, out of which 75% were having poorly controlled asthma. There were 224 [29.2%] females and 544 [70.8%] males. Fifty percent patients were of young age group. Middle age and elderly were 37% and 12% each. In the patients of urban area 61.53% were educated while from rural area 38.46% were educated. Among poorly controlled asthma group 320 [55%] were from rural area and 256 [44%] from urban area. In poorly controlled group 32 [5.55%] were on no treatment. Hundred percent of partially controlled and well controlled were having physician prescriptions. In well controlled group 64 [66.66%] were young. In poorly controlled group 288 [50%] were young. In well controlled group 100% were educated while in poorly controlled group 288 [50%] were uneducated. In poorly controlled group 32 [5.55%] were on no treatment while 544 [94.44%] were on some medications with prescription. In fully controlled group 100% patients had prescription
Conclusion: Asthma control is mostly poor in rural areas of Southern Punjab and almost half of the patients are uneducated, and young