ABSTRACT
Epithelial ovarian cancer is uncommon before 4- years of age but the incidence then rises steeply until the mid sixth and seventh decades for which performance of transvaginal ultrasonography as a screening test for ovarian cancer in asymptomatic postmenopausal women with an elevated serum CA 125 had been performed. Objective: Prospective ovarian cancer screening trial had been performed to estimate sensitivity, specifity and positive predictive value of different ultrasound criteria for detection of index cancer [e.g. primary invasive epithelial carcinoma of ovary] in postmenopausal women. Patients and Methods: This study was carried out at the department of obstetrics and gynecology in Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital from October 2002 through October 2003. The study included 110 postmenopausal women more than or equal to 45 years, they underwent measurement of serum CA125.Women with CA 125 of 30 IU/ml [or more] were recalled for an ultrasound examination. Results: Of the 110 women included in this study, 9 women underwent 30 scans during a follow up of one year. The sensitivity for detection of ovarian cancer of different ultrasound criteria was 100% for abnormal ovarian morphology, the highest specificity [100%] and positive predictive value [100%] was achieved by using complex abnormal ovarian morphology. Conclusion: A variety of ultrasound criteria had achieved high sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value for ovarian cancer screening in postmenopausal women with an elevated CA 125.Ovarian morphology and ovarian volume used to interpret ultrasound had achieved increased sensitivity for ovarian cancer screening. While complex abnormal ovarian morphology had achieved increased in the specificity and the positive predictive value for ovarian cancer screening
ABSTRACT
Neonatal asphyxia is a major cause of neurologic morbidity and mortality. Recent studies suggest increased nucleated red blood cells in neonates with meconium aspiration syndrome, supporting that the pregnancy with meconium stained amniotic fluid is at high risk of fetal hypoxia. To evaluate the role of umbilical cord nucleated red blood cells as a marker of neonatal asphyxia with meconium stained amniotic fluid. This study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Nursery Department in AL-Kadhymia Teaching Hospital from April 2010 through April 2011 as prospective case controlled study. The study included one hundred pregnant women, who were admitted to the delivery ward, they were arranged into two groups. Group one included fifty women with meconium stained amniotic fluid, considered as study group and the other group included fifty women with clear amniotic fluid, considered as control group. This for determination of umbilical cord nucleated red blood cells and comparison between two groups. The percentage of abnormal nucleated red blood cells count [NRBCs] in the study group [30%] was significantly more than the control group [18%] [P value =0.002].The mean nucleated red blood cells count [NRBCs] difference was 3.69 units and it was significantly higher in the study group than the control group [P value =0.0002]. The nucleated red blood cells [NRBCs] count increase in cord blood of neonates with meconium stained amniotic fluid compared to neonates of clear amniotic fluid