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1.
Rev. bras. cardiol. invasiva ; 19(1): 53-57, mar. 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-591719

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Pacientes submetidos a intervenção coronária percutânea (ICP) em enxertos de veia safena caracteristicamente exibem maior risco de eventos cardiovasculares adversos maiores (ECAM). Foram avaliados a incidência e os preditores de ECAM no cenário atual, em que dispositivos de proteção distal e de aspiração de trombos e o uso de stents farmacológicos fazem parte da prática diária. Métodos: Neste estudo foram avaliados 69 casos consecutivos de pacientes com enxertos de veia safena, tratados com stents, entre janeiro de 2005 e dezembro de 2008. Foram avaliadas as características clínicas, angiográficas e relacionadas ao procedimento, bem como a incidência e preditores de ECAM na evolução tardia. Resultados: A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 72 + 10,2 anos, 79,7% eram do sexo masculino, 31,9% eram diabéticos, e 56,5% foram tratados na vigência de síndrome coronária aguda. Foram abordados 71 enxertos de veia safena, com lesões predominantemente localizadas no corpo (35,3%), tratadas mais frequentemente com stents farmacológicos (82,8%). Dispositivos de proteção distal foram utilizados em 31,9% e de aspiração de trombo em 1,4% dos pacientes, e em 30,4% foram utilizados inibidores da glicoproteína IIb/IIIa. No-reflow ocorreu em 8,7% e o sucesso do procedimento foi constatado em 89,9% dos casos. Na evolução tardia, ECAM, óbito, infarto agudo do miocárdio e revascularização do vaso-alvo ocorreram em 15,9%, 7,2%, 4,3% e 14,5%, respectivamente, e trombose de stent foi observada em 2,9% dos pacientes. Na regressão de Cox apenas o uso de stents não-farmacológicos foi associado a ECAM [hazard ratio (HR) 4,1, intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC 95%) 1,2-13,3; P = 0,02]. Conclusões: Pacientes com lesões em enxertos de veia safena, tratados percutaneamente, exibiram elevada taxa de eventos adversos a médio prazo e o uso de stents não-farmacológicos esteve associado a pior evolução.


Background: Patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions(PCI) in saphenous vein grafts tipically have a higher risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE). MACE incidence and predictors were evaluated in the current scenario, where distal protection and thrombus aspirationdevices and the use of drug-eluting stents are part of the daily practice. Methods: Sixty-nine consecutive patients undergoing coronary stenting in saphenous vein grafts from January 2005 to December 2008 were evaluated. Clinical, angiographic and procedure-related variables were evaluated as well as the incidence and predictors of MACE in the late follow-up. Results: Mean age was 72 + 10.2 years, 79.7% were male, 31.9% were diabetic, and 56.5% presented withacute coronary syndromes. Seventy-one saphenous vein grafts were treated, with lesions located mainly in the body of the graft (35.3%) and more frequently treated with drug-elutingstents (82.8%). Distal protection devices were used in 31.9% and thrombus aspiration in 1.4% of the patients, and 30.4% received glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors. No-reflow was observed in 8.7% and procedure success was observed in 89.9% of the cases. In the late follow-up, MACE, death, acutemyocardial infarction and target vessel revascularization were observed in 15.9%, 7.2%, 4.3%, and 14.5%, respectively and stent thrombosis was observed in 2.9% of the patients.In the Cox regression analysis only the use of bare metal stents was associated with MACE [hazard ratio (HR) 4.1, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.2-13.3; P = 0.02]. Conclusions: Patients with lesions in saphenous vein grafts treated by percutaneous interventions had a high rate of mid-term adverse events and the use of bare metal stents was associated to a worse clinical outcome.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Coronary Disease/diagnosis , Thrombosis/therapy , Angiography , Aspirin/administration & dosage , Drug-Eluting Stents
2.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 81(1): 54-63, July 2003. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-341303

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the use, prior to the procedure, of injectable diltiazem to prevent complications. METHODS: Between September 2000 and July 2001, 50 patients underwent transradial coronary angiography and were randomized to receive placebo (GI) or diltiazem (GII) through a catheter inserted into the radial artery. All patients received isosorbide mononitrate. Ultrasound analyses of the radial artery were performed before examination, 30 minutes afterwards, and 7 days afterwards to evaluate the flow, the diameter, and the artery output. RESULTS: The radial artery diameter of GI was 2.4± 0.5 mm before the procedure and 2.3±0.5 mm after 30 minutes (NS), whereas in GII the diameter was 2.2±0.3 mm before the examination and 2.5±0.4 mm 30 minutes after it (P<0.001). Radial artery output in group 1 was 7.3±5.l2 mL/min before the examination and 6.1±3.5 mL/min 30 minutes after the examination (NS), and GII had an increase of 5.9±2.5 mL/min before examination to 9.05± 7.78 mL/min after the examination (P=0.04). Complications (spasm, occlusion, and partial obstruction) occurred in 4 patients (17.4 percent) in GI and did not occur in GII (P=0.04). CONCLUSION: The study suggests a decrease in vascular complications through the transradial access for coronary angiography with the use of diltiazem as an antispasmodic drug, resulting in the significant increase in the diameter of the radial artery and radial artery output


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases , Coronary Angiography , Diltiazem , Parasympatholytics , Radial Artery , Coronary Angiography , Diuretics, Osmotic , Double-Blind Method , Drug Therapy, Combination , Isosorbide , Radial Artery
4.
6.
Arq. bras. med ; 73(1/2): 3-7, jan.-abr. 1999.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-254778

ABSTRACT

Apesar dos grandes avanços farmacológicos no tratamento das miocardiopatias, com os inibidores da ECA e os antagonistas do receptor da angiotensina, vislumbra-se, em casos especiais, a utilizaçao de marcapasso, cardiomioplastia, ventriculectomia, laser e transplante. Entretanto, säo grandes os percalços dos pacientes incluídos nestes procedimentos.


Subject(s)
Cardiac Surgical Procedures/trends , Cardiomyopathies/therapy , Cardiomyopathies/surgery , Heart Transplantation , Heart, Artificial , Heart Failure/surgery , Laser Therapy , Pacemaker, Artificial
9.
Arq. bras. med ; 71(2): 45-9, mar.-abr. 1997.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-195836

ABSTRACT

Neste artigo os autores fazem consideraçöes sobre os principais aspectos clínicos no uso de anticoagulantes. Assim, chamam a atençäo para o uso destas drogas na prevençäo primária, na doença cérebro-vascular, fibrilaçäo atrial, tromboembolismo venoso, próteses mecânicas e biológicas e nas crianças. Os autores simplificam o assunto que já é uma especialidade dentro da cardiologia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Aspirin , Aspirin/therapeutic use , Brain Ischemia/prevention & control , Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis , Atrial Fibrillation/prevention & control , Fibrinolytic Agents , Fibrinolytic Agents/therapeutic use , Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight/therapeutic use , Myocardial Infarction , Thromboembolism/prevention & control , Thrombolytic Therapy , Streptokinase/administration & dosage
10.
Arq. bras. med ; 71(1): 33-6, jan.-fev. 1997. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-242406

ABSTRACT

Os autores mostram a importância e aplicaçäo clínica no momento atual dos antiplaquetários, anticoagulantes orais, heparina venosa e subcutânea, heparina de baixo peso molecular e os trombolíticos. Chamam a atençäo quanto à interaçäo necessária entre cardiologistas, hematologistas, angiologistas e cirurgiöes no tratamento antitrobótico.


Subject(s)
Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Cardiovascular Diseases/metabolism , Cardiovascular Diseases/drug therapy , Fibrinolytic Agents/therapeutic use , Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight/pharmacokinetics , Heparin/adverse effects , Heparin/pharmacokinetics , Thrombolytic Therapy/trends
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