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1.
Bol. latinoam. Caribe plantas med. aromát ; 13(4): 344-350, jul. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-785452

ABSTRACT

Members of the family Cyperaceae such as Cyperus alopecuroides, Cyperus articulatus, Cyperus scariosus and Cyperus rotundus possess significant amount of studies about their antioxidant activities and other properties. Nevertheless, the plant Cyperus digitatus belonging to the genus Cyperus lacks of studied about any kind of intrinsic activity. Different extracts and fractions were obtained from the rhizomes of Cyperus digitatus, and a Phytochemical screening and the content of phenols and flavonoids and the antioxidant properties (FRAP, DPPH and beta-Carotene bleaching) were quantified in each of theextracts and fractions. Of all the extracts obtained, the BE and AqE extracts showed the best antioxidant potential, meanwhile, none of the fractions obtained from the EAE extract show a relevant activity.


Los miembros de la familia Cyperaceae, tales como Cyperus alopecuroides, Cyperus articulatus, Cyperus scariosus y Cyperus rotundus poseen una cantidad significativa de estudios sobre sus actividades antioxidantes y otras propiedades. Sin embargo, la planta Cyperus digitatus perteneciente al género Cyperus carece de estudio de cualquier tipo de actividad intrínseca. Razón por la cual se estudió sus propiedades antioxidantes (FRAP, DPPH y blanqueamiento del beta-caroteno), cuantificación de contenido fenolico y flavonoides totales en extractos y fracciones obtenidos de los rizomas de Cyperus digitatus, y un perfil fitoquímico. De todos los extractos obtenidos, BE y AqE mostraron el mejor potencial antioxidante, por otra parte ninguna de las fracciones obtenidas a partir del extracto EAE mostro una actividad relevante.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Cyperus/chemistry , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Rhizome/chemistry , Biphenyl Compounds , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Ferrous Compounds , Phenols/analysis , Flavonoids/analysis , Oxidation-Reduction , Oxidative Stress , Chemistry Techniques, Analytical/methods
2.
Bol. latinoam. Caribe plantas med. aromát ; 12(1): 99-107, ene. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-722512

ABSTRACT

In this study, we investigated the potential antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-platelet activities and the inhibition of cholinesterase from the methanolic extracts obtained from aerial parts of the two species of Azorella: A. spinosa (Constitution, Chile) and A. monantha (Torres del Paine, Enladrillado and Paso Vergara). All extracts showed only moderate inhibitory activity on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), the most active extract with IC50 = 27ug/mL was A. spinosa. Inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by ADP presented maximal aggregation to 70 and 57 percent on extracts of A. spinosa and A. monantha (Paso Vergara), respectively. The most active extract with antioxidant effect was A. spinosa with IC50 of 28.72ug/mL. Antibacterial activity of the extract on Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii was not present. The extracts of A. spinosa and A. monantha (Paso Vergara) presented the best results on the activities that were evaluated.


En este estudio se investigó las potenciales actividades antibacteriana, antioxidante, antiplaquetaria e inhibición de la colinesterasa de extractos metanólicos a partir de las partes aéreas de dos especies de Azorella: A. spinosa (Constitución, Chile) y A. monantha (Torres del Paine, Enladrillado y Paso Vergara). Todos los extractos mostraron actividad inhibidora moderada solamente sobre acetilcolinesterasa (AChE), siendo el más activo el extracto de A. spinosa con IC50= 27ug/mL. La inhibición de la agregación plaquetaria inducida por ADP presentó máxima agregación al 70 y 57 por ciento sobre los extractos de A. spinosa y A. monantha (Paso Vergara) respectivamente. El extracto más activo con efecto antioxidante fue el de A. spinosa con un IC50 de 28,72ug/mL,). No se presentó actividad antibacteriana de ningún extracto sobre Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeuroginosa y Acinetobacter baumannii. Los extractos de A. spinosa y A. monantha (Paso Vergara) presentan los mejores resultados sobre las actividades evaluadas, lo que permite el estudio bioguiado de los metabolitos presentes en estos extractos.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Apiaceae/chemistry , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/pharmacology , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/chemistry , Platelet Aggregation , Bacteria , Chile , Phenols/analysis , Cholinesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Methanol
3.
Clinics ; 67(1): 55-60, 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-610624

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: We sought to ascertain predictors of Patient Prosthesis Mismatch, an independent predictor of mortality, in patients with aortic stenosis using bioprosthetic valves. METHOD: We analyzed 2,107 sequential surgeries. Patient Prosthesis Mismatch was calculated using the effective orifice area of the prosthesis divided by the patient's body surface area. We defined nonsignificant, moderate, and severe Patient Prosthesis Mismatch as effective orifice area indexes of .0.85 cm²/m, 0.85-0.66 cm²/m², and <0.65 cm²/m², respectively. RESULTS: A total of 311 bioprosthetic patients were identified. The incidence of nonsignificant, moderate, and severe Patient Prosthesis Mismatch was 41 percent, 42, and 16 percent, respectively. Severe Patient Prosthesis Mismatch was significantly more prevalent in females (82 percent). In severe Patient Prosthesis Mismatch, the perfusion and the crossclamp times were considerably lower when compared with nonsignificant Patient Prosthesis Mismatch and moderate Patient Prosthesis Mismatch. Patients with severe Patient Prosthesis Mismatch had a significantly higher likelihood of spending time in the intensive care unit and a significantly longer length of stay in the hospital. Body surface area was not different in severe Patient Prosthesis Mismatch when compared with nonsignificant Patient Prosthesis Mismatch. In-hospital mortality in patients with nonsignificant, moderate, and severe Patient Prosthesis Mismatch was 2.3 percent, 6.1 percent, and 8 percent, respectively. Minimally invasive surgery was significantly associated with moderate Patient Prosthesis Mismatch in 49 percent of the patients, but not with severe Patient Prosthesis Mismatch. CONCLUSION: Severe Patient Prosthesis Mismatch is more common in females, but not in those with minimal available body surface area. Though operative times were shorter in these patients, intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stay were longer. Surgeons and cardiologists should be cognizant of these clinical predictors and complications prior to valve surgery.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery , Aortic Valve/pathology , Bioprosthesis , Heart Valve Prosthesis , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Prosthesis Fitting/adverse effects , Aortic Valve/surgery , Body Mass Index , Epidemiologic Methods , Heart Valve Prosthesis/adverse effects , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data , Prosthesis Fitting/mortality , Risk Factors , Treatment Outcome
5.
Arch. invest. méd ; 18(3): 213-8, jul.-sept. 1987. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-55957

ABSTRACT

La proteina básica mayor (PBM) es un polipéptido policatiónico rico en arginina, que se encuentra en numerosas células tales como los granulocitos eosinófilos y los espermatozoides. La función de la PBM no se conoce completamente aunque se sabe que es tóxica para los parásitos y que induce la liberación de histamina de las células cebadas. Existen numerosas técnicas que permiten identificarla en cortes de tejido en forma inmunocitoquímica, pero estos métodos son en general complejos. En nuestro trabajo describimos un método histoquímico simple mediante el uso de eritrocina B alcalina que tiñe los gránulos grandes de los eosinófilos y las cabezas de los espermatozoides que son ricos en PBM. Los cortes desparafinizados de tejido o los frotis fijados se tiñen con solución de eritrocina B al 0.015 por ciento hecha en amortiguador de glicina ajustada a pH 10 durante 30 min. y se contrasta con hematoxilina de Harris. Los granulocitos eosinófilos y espermatozoides se tiñen de un color rojo brillante y producen una fluorescencia amarilla en el microscopio de luz ultravioleta. Las otras estructuras que toman esta tinción son la trico y queratohialina. Se presume que esta tinción se une preferentemente a la proteína básica mayor de los gránulos eosinófilos y a aquella presente en las cabezas de los espermatozoides. El procedimiento es simple, específico y puede ser usado fácilmente en cortes de tejido, en frotis y en preparaciones celulares aisladas


Subject(s)
Rats , Animals , Eosinophils/ultrastructure , Erythromycin/pharmacology , Granulocytes/ultrastructure , Spermatozoa/ultrastructure , Cytological Techniques
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