ABSTRACT
Introduction: It is possible that immunological factors, including the heat shock protein family, are involved in the development of the different forms of dementia. We aimed to compare the levels of serum HSP27 in patients with Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with grade 2 Alzheimer’s disease, 30 patients with grade 2 vascular dementia and 30 normal subjects as a control group were recruited during November 2011 to November 2013. Diagnoses were based on DSM-IV-TR criteria. MMSE was conducted on all patients for assessing the severity of disease. Biochemical parameters, including HSP27 were measured in all subjects. Demographic characteristics were collected for all subjects. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in age, gender and the levels of HSP27 between males and females in all groups. However there was a significant association between HSP27 with the severity and duration of dementia in patients groups. HSP27 levels were lower in the vascular dementia compared to those with Alzheimer’s dementia, but were higher than for controls. Conclusion: HSP27 antibody titers were positively related to the severity and duration of both Alzheimer’s and vascular dementia and may be indicative of the role of this protein in the pathology of dementia.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: ECG changes are presented in about 90% of patients with cerebral aneurysm that results subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The most common site of these lesions among the cerebral arteries is anterior cerebral artery which supplies Autonomic cardiovascular centers. However it seems that the location of aneurysm influences critically on changes of ECG, which has not been studied grossly in literatures and there is no definite data to mention that. Materials and Methods: Here, a cross sectional, retrospective study was done on 500 patients presenting SAH due to cerebral aneurysm which patient´s angiography detected the location of pathology. ECG of these patients was taken two times, one on admission and other on discharge after 3rd week of admission. Results: The mean age of patients was 57.3 years old and this group included 271 male and 229 females. 388 cases had ECG changes; some of them had more than one changed factor. QRS changes were seen in 18 cases on the day of admission, QTc changes were observed in 258 cases, and changes of ST distance were observed in 126 cases. Among all of them, the location of the aneurysm was in Anterior cerebral artery in 142 cases, in communicating arteries in 84 cases, in Middle cerebral artery 64 in cases, in ICA in 36 cases and in Posterior cerebral artery in 52 cases. Conclusion: In cases which their brain angiography showed cerebral aneurysm, the frequency of ECG changes was more seen. Patients with the anterior cerebral artery aneurysms had more ECG changes. According to the obtained results, ECG of patients with SAH could be a recognized as a factor to understand better the situation of brain after SAH and be useful for managing and treating patients with SAH.