ABSTRACT
Objective: Because patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) were forced to stay indoors during the state of emergency, resulting in stress and a lack of physical activity, concerns about their glycemic control were raised.Patients and Methods: The 165 patients’ glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were compared during the following periods: the 4 months that were selected as a representative condition 1 year before the COVID-19 pandemic (May 2018, March 2019, June 2019, and July 2019) and the latter 3 months as a 1-year follow-up during the COVID-19 pandemic (May 2019, March 2020, June 2020, and July 2020).Results: The patients’ HbA1c levels were 7.32 ± 1.23, 7.44 ± 1.20, 7.16 ± 1.06, 7.01 ± 1.05, 7.23 ± 1.06, 7.45 ± 1.18, 7.15 ± 10.7, and 7.11 ± 1.17 in May 2018, March 2019, June 2019, July 2019, May 2019, March 2020, June 2020, and July 2020, respectively (expressed as mean ± standard deviation).Conclusion: The analysis showed that HbA1c levels did not worsen during the self-restraint period.
ABSTRACT
We studied effect of high glucose levels on coronary artery endothelial cell proliferation and human colon cancer cell proliferation. To examine the long-term effect of glucose exposure on cell growth, cells were cultured for 14 days in the absence or presence of 183 mg/dL D-glucose addition in the culture medium. Short effect of elevated glucose levels was examined by addition of 183 mg/dL D-glucose addition in the culture medium for just one hour per day followed by changing the culture to standard medium [5.5 mM D-glucose] during the next 23-hours period. Cell proliferation was estimated by 2,3-Bis [2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium-5-carbox-anilide [XTT] assay and phosphor-Erk western blot analysis. We found that coronary artery endothelial cell proliferation was significantly increased in the culture medium with the acute one-hour addition of 183 mg/dL D-glucose compared to the absence or chronic presence of 183 mg/dL D-glucose addition in the culture medium. In contrast, colon cancer cell proliferation was significantly increased in the continuous presence of 183 mg/dL D-glucose addition in the culture medium compared to the acute one-hour addition of glucose. The extent of Erk2 phosphorylation paralleled with the relative changes in cellular proliferation in both cell types. Taken together, these results suggested that continuous or transient high level of glucose exposure differentially effects coronary artery endothelial and human colon cancer cell proliferation
Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Proliferation , Endothelium , Coronary Vessels , Colonic Neoplasms , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-aktABSTRACT
A 24-year-old woman had been injured in an automobile accident. The chest X-ray showed widening of the mediastinum and computed tomography showed mediastinal hematoma around the aortic arch. Aortic rupture was suspected, so we performed aortography, which revealed pseudoaneurysm of the descending aorta. Moreover, she also had splenic rupture and pelvic fracture. She underwent an emergency operation 4 hours after the accident. Medial tear of the descending aorta was replaced with a graft under temporary bypass without heparin. Simultaneously, splenectomy was performed. Her postoperative course was uneventful. We consider that temporary bypass without heparin is a useful method during repair of the descending aortic rupture due to trauma.
ABSTRACT
Topical cardiac hypothermia has unequivocal preservation effects during ischemia, but it has some disadvantages. Topical cooling, especially with ice slush, can injure the phrenic nerve, disturb the equal distribution of the cardioplegic solution due to coronary artery spasm and damage the epicardium. It is easy to prevent cooling injury without topical hypothermia, but the myocardial oxygen demands are increased. In order to supply the myocardium with oxygen for the increased oxygen demands during ischemia, isolated rat hearts were immersed in perfluorochemicals (PFC) which have excellent transportation of oxygen. The effects of immersion in PFC during mild hypothermic ischemia (at 20°C without cardioplegia and at 30°C cardioplegic arrest) on the cardiac function on reperfusion were evaluated. Under 20°C hypothermic ischemia without cardioplegia, cardiac beating was maintained for 20±4 minutes in the hearts were immersed in PFC, and for 10±2 minutes in the hearts that were not immersed in any solution. In the recovery of cardiac function (LVDP and LV<sub>max</sub> d<i>p</i>/d<i>t</i>) after mild hypothermic (30°C) cardioplegic arrest, the hearts immersed in PFC showed better results than hearts that were not immersed.