ABSTRACT
One antioestrogenic compound as well as some antifertility drugs have been administered to female albino rats over a period of six months to study their long term effects on fine structures in PRL cell. Almost in all the cases, the dynamics of hormone synthesis and secretion have been affected. Fine structure is suggestive of activation of synthetic machinery of the cell. The cell picture under the estradiol valerate regimen presents a transitional stage progressing towards involution due to accelerated cell cycle. Sparse granulation, frequent granule extrusion and misplaced exocytosis under the influence of tamoxifen citrate or levonorgestrel + ethinyloestradiol are similar to those observed in adenomatous PRL cell. Fine structural correlates of stepped up synthesis are also observed following chronic progesterogenic influences of progesterone and norethisterone heptanoate, but the magnitude of the change is on a lower scale. All the fine structural changes have been discussed in the context of ultrastructural pathology.
Subject(s)
Animals , Contraceptive Agents/pharmacology , Estrogen Receptor Modulators/pharmacology , Ethinyl Estradiol/pharmacology , Female , Levonorgestrel/pharmacology , Microscopy, Electron , Norethindrone/pharmacology , Pituitary Gland/drug effects , Progesterone/pharmacology , Prolactin/metabolism , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Tamoxifen/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Male albino rats were treated with depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (1 mg/animal/day) + testosterone ananthate (100 micrograms/100 g body weight/day) for 30 and 60 days. After 30 days of treatment, all the testicular enzymes like beta-glucuronidase, hyaluronidase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, acid and alkaline phosphatase, registered non-significant decrease in their values. Fifty percent of the treated animals achieved sterility after 30 days of treatment. After 60 days of treatment the testis showed degenerative changes in Golgi phase and late spermatids. Changes in the Golgi phase spermatids were related with degeneration of the nuclear membrane. Changes in the late phase spermatids included mitochondrial hypertrophy of the midpieces, membrane lysis, absence of cristae and degeneration of annulus leading to detachment of tail. Cytoplasm of luminal area displayed hypertrophied mitochondria devoid of cristae, prominent appearance of Golgi bodies, intense lysosomal activity and ample vacuolation. Tail fragments of degenerated spermatids prevailed in luminal cytoplasm. Except for beta-glucuronidase which registered a significant decrease, levels of all the other testicular enzymes, viz. hyaluronidase, lactate dehydrogenase, sorbitol dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase were within their control limits. The ultrastructural and biochemical changes are correlated.
Subject(s)
Animals , Atrophy , Cholesterol/metabolism , Female , Fertility/drug effects , Hydrolases/metabolism , Leydig Cells/drug effects , Lipid Metabolism , Male , Medroxyprogesterone Acetate/pharmacology , Microscopy, Electron , Oxidoreductases/metabolism , Pregnancy , Proteins/metabolism , Rats , Sertoli Cells/drug effects , Testis/drug effects , Testosterone/analogs & derivativesABSTRACT
Testis of male albino rats treated with depot medroxyprogesterone acetate DMPA, at the dose of 1 mg/animal/day for 60 days showed degenerative changes in the late spermatids. The changes were related with the mitochondrial sheath of the midpiece, including the plasma membrane enclosing the mitochondria and the mitochondrial cristae. Except lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase, all the testicular marker enzymes, viz. beta-glucuronidase, hyaluronidase, sorbitol dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase registered a significant decrease. The ultrastructural and biochemical changes are correlated, as the cellular degeneration is responsible for decrease in the activity of the marker enzymes.
Subject(s)
Animals , Contraceptive Agents, Male/pharmacology , Female , Fertility/drug effects , Male , Medroxyprogesterone/analogs & derivatives , Medroxyprogesterone Acetate , Rats , Rats, Inbred Strains , Testis/drug effectsABSTRACT
The animals were treated with cyproterone acetate (1 mg/100 g body weight) for 60 days after which the testicular tissue was studied at the ultrastructural level to determine the stage at which the effect took place and to study the magnitude of the effect. The testis showed changes in Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, germ cells and in the spermatids. To correlate these changes, important marker enzymes and other biochemical parameters essential for spermatogenesis were studied after 30 days and 60 days of the treatment. They registered a decrease in their levels as compared with the controls.