ABSTRACT
Aims: Fenvalerate (FEN) is a type II synthetic pyrethroid that has replaced other groups of insecticides due to its improved insecticidal potency. The objective of this study was to investigate the possible role of antioxidant nutrients as a protective agent against alterations of FEN in liver tissue of male albino rats. Study Design: Histological and immunohistochemical studies. Place and Duration of Study: Zoology Department, College of Science, Alexandria University - Egypt, between May 2010 and February 2013. Methodology: Forty animals were divided into four groups of 10 rats each. The first group served as control which received corn oil , second group received a single dose (20mg FEN/kg) 24hours prior to decapitation , third group received (20 mg fish oil (ώ3) /kg/48h) and (4.1 mg selenium (Se) /kg/48h) for 20 days and fourth group received FEN following the supplementation with ώ3 and Se . Results: Histopathological changes in the FEN group illustrated as degeneration and proliferation of hepatocytes forming acinar and pseudoglandular pattern. The previous changes disappeared from FEN+ (ώ3 and Se) group. The histochemical staining of catalase enzyme revealed increased activity in FEN, FEN+ (ώ3 and Se) groups while activity of glutathione reductase enzyme was decreased in compare with control group. Immunohistochemical staining of Bcl-2 oncoprotein increased in the cytoplasm of periportal and centrilobular hepatocytes in FEN and FEN+ (ώ3 and Se) groups, while it decreased in (ώ3 +Se) group. Conclusion: It was suggested that FEN-induced dysregulation of architecture, antioxidant enzymes and expression of Bcl-2 oncoprotein which might be ameliorated by the effect of antioxidant nutrient.
ABSTRACT
The requirement of ATPase for cellular enzymatic reaction is necessary for understanding how cells are damaged when energy metabolism is impaired in pathologic states. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 7, 12-dimnethylbenz/aJanthracene [DMBa] and tamoxifen [TAM] treatment on the activity of A TFase by light and electron microscopy on rat proximal tub miles, also to elucidate the mode of action of TAM in morphological features of apoptosis. 60 male albino rats were included, ten rats were used as control, 20 rats received a single dose of the DMBA only [Sing/100g body weigh and 30 rats received DMBA and treated with TAM [0.2mng/l100g body weight three times weekly] for six months. A marked PAS positive and decreased ATPase activity were shown in destructed brush border and basement in membrane in the group given DMBA, whereas an elevation of ATPase activity was observed after TAM treatment than in DMBA group administration, but it is less than in control. The ultrastructural studies showed marked chromatin condensation with nuclear segmentation as a feature of apoptotic cells after TAM treatment. The depletion of ATPase confirmed the ultrastructural feature of apoptosis. So, we can conclude that TAM may be a protective agent against carcinogenesis. Also, histochemial ATPase technique was found to be a simple method for demonstrating the apoptotic features
Subject(s)
Male , Male , Kidney Tubules, Proximal/ultrastructure , Tamoxifen , Apoptosis , Protective Agents , RatsABSTRACT
This study aimed to identify women's opinions regarding early marriage of girls This study was conducted in all out patient clinic at Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut General Hospital [Elshamla Hospital] and El-Eman hospital at Assiut City. Also at El- Minia University Hospitals, El-Minia General Hospital and Susan Mobark Hospital at El-Minia city. The study subjects were married women ,both from rural and urban areas who attended the out patient clinics in previous setting there total number was 3600 women divided to 1800 women from each city .Inter view questionnaire form was developed by the researchers to collect the data needed for the study. It consisted of three parts. The first one was concerned with personal and socio-demographic characteristics of studied women and their husbands. It included age, education, job, husband age and education, as well the type of family, whether nuclear or extended. The second part involved marriage characteristics such as age at marriage of both woman and husband, the duration of marriage, and the number of children. The third part covered women's opinions about early marriage of the girl. It included questions about the causes of early marriage of girls, agreement upon it and the reasons of agreement of disagreement, the suggested suitable age for marriage of females and males with the reasons underlying it, and the effect of early marriage on the health of rite woman and the family. All the questions in this third part were open-ended .Data was collected during the period from the beginning of January to the end of May 2004 .The study revealed that the majority of the women in the sample married at the age between 16 and less than 25 years the, most important cause of early marriage is tradition according to [83.5%] of studied women's opinions. As for the women who disagreed upon early marriage, the main reason was girls' psychological immaturity [66.7%]. The study illustrates that [74.5%]of the sample agreed that early marriage negatively affects women's health and [71.5%] agreed that early marriage negatively affects family health. Also the study shows statistically significant differences between the age at marriage of studied women and their residence, education, job, and family type [p<0.001]. The results indicates that agreement upon early marriage was statistically significantly higher among women from Minia [p<0.001]. The study recommended that educational interventions target those women at higher risk of early marriage and who could have more intention to give their daughters to marriage at early age. These specifically include poor uneducated rural women. Thus, educational and counseling sessions should be provided by nurses in health care settings. The role of the media should also be emphasized
ABSTRACT
The effect of vinyl chloride monomer exposure on the liver of workers was studied by measuring the level of blood glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, routine liver function enzymes, and alpha feto protein in the sera of workers. The results showed a significant decrease in the level of blood glutathione, a significant increase in the enzyme activity level of glutathione-S-transferase, and a significant increase also in the gamma-glutamyl transferase. On the other hand, the ratio of ALT/AST= 1.07 which indicated the insignificant result of these enzymes. Of 21 workers, 14 had fatty liver infiltration, 8 of whom were also suffering from liver enlargement. Four workers had liver enlargement without fatty infiltration. The study highlights the need for vigilance in environmental monitoring and medical surveillance of workers exposed to this chemical