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Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics [The]. 2017; 18 (2): 137-145
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-188475

ABSTRACT

Background: Circulating microRNAs [miRNAs] are endogenous, small [17-25 nucleo-tides] non-coding RNAs that are overexpressed in many human cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC]. Moreover, circulating miRNAs can reflect the level of tissue miRNAs, so could be potential tumor markers. miRNA-21 regulates post-transcriptional expression of tumor suppressor gene; programed cell death 4 [PDCD4] gene which implies that miRNA-21 might be a novel diagnostic and/or prognostic marker for cancer


Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic potential of circulating miRNA-21 and study the expression of PDCD4 gene as a target of miRNA-21 in HCC in Egyptian patients


Subjects and methods: This study was conducted on 30 HCC patients, 20 chronic liver disease [CLD] patients due to HCV infection and 20 healthy subjects. Serum alpha fetoprotein [AFP] was measured for all participants. The relative plasma expression of each of miRNA-21 and PDCD4 gene was determined in whole blood samples using real-time polymerase chain reaction


Results: The results revealed over expression of miRNA-21 and under expression of PDCD4 gene in HCC group [p < 0.05] compared to both CLD and healthy subjects, while no significant change was detected between CLD and healthy subjects. miRNA-21 expression was negatively correlated with PDCD4 gene expression. miRNA-21 expression increased significantly with presence of cirrhosis, increased number of focal lesions, larger size of tumor, advanced tumor stage and presence of vascular invasion. Receiver Operator of Characteristics [ROC] curve analysis of plasma miRNA-21 revealed that, at a cut-off value of 3.93 [fold expression], the sensitivity and specificity for differentiation of HCC cases were 93% and 90%, respectively


Conclusion: Circulating miRNA-21 could be a novel early diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for detection of HCC. Approaches interfering with the miRNA-2 l/PDCD4-axis, or releasing PDCD4 expression, may have a strong basis for therapeutic uses in cancer in the future


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , MicroRNAs , RNA-Binding Proteins , Apoptosis , Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Hepatitis C/complications
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