Experiences of Iranian Nursing Students Regarding Their Clinical Learning Environment

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to explain the experiences of Iranian nursing students regarding their clinical learning environment (CLE). METHODS: Twenty-one nursing students participated in this qualitative study. Data were collected using semistructured interviews and analyzed using conventional content analysis. RESULTS: Analysis of interviews identified six categories: educational confusion, absence of evaluation procedures, limited educational opportunities, inappropriate interactions with nursing staff, bullying culture, and discrimination. Systematic and consistent methods were not used in clinical education and evaluation of nursing students. In addition, there were inadequate interactions between nursing students and health-care staff, and most students experienced discrimination and bullying in clinical settings. CONCLUSION: Findings showed that the CLE of Iranian nursing students may be inadequate for high-level learning and safe and effective teaching. Addressing these challenges will require academic and practice partnerships to examine the systems affecting the CLE, and areas to be addressed are described in the six themes identified.

Self-efficacy in foot-care and effect of training: a single-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial

Diabetes mellitus [DM] is one of the most common metabolic and non-communicable disorders worldwide and the mortality rates caused by the complications associated with the disease, such as diabetic foot ulcer, is increasing dramatically. Patient education is considered as an essential part of controlling DM. Therefore, we aimed to compare the effects of individual and group training methods on self-efficacy in foot care among the patients with DM. In this single-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial, we enrolled 150 patients with type 1 and 2 DM. The final participants were randomly assigned into two intervention groups [collective and individual training group] and a control group. Data were collected using foot-care self-efficacy questionnaire [Corrbet, 2003]. A research assistant collected the data by interviewing the participants using the questionnaire once before and once one month after the intervention. The participants of the intervention groups attended a training program consisting of three sessions per week for one week. Statistical descriptive tests such as mean and standard deviation [SD] percentage were used to describe the features of the data inferential statistics test such as Chi-square, independent t-test and repeated measures analysis of variance and analysis co-variance [ANOVA, ANCOVA] tests were also used as appropriate. The significance level was set at <0.05. The results indicated that there was no significant difference between the three groups regarding the mean of self-efficacy scores before foot-care training intervention [P=0.39]. But, comparison of the scores before and after the intervention showed that both group and individual training interventions increased the patients' self-efficacy [P

[Effect of video education in native language on the anxiety level of patients undergoing coronary angiography]

Coronary angiography can cause a high degree of anxiety in patients. Regarding the effect of pre-angiography education on the anxiety level of patients, no certain investigation was found considering the effect of video education in native language. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of video education based on the patient's native language on the anxiety level of coronary angiography candidates. In this quasi-experimental study 160 patients hospitalized for coronary angiography were randomly divided into two groups: control [n =80] and experimental [n =80] in Imam Khomeini Therapeutic and Educational Center of Ardabil. The data were collected using demographic characteristics questionnaire and Spielberger's state trait anxiety inventory [STAI] questionnaire. For the experimental group, an educational film was presented in Turkish language about the necessary actions before, during and after coronary angiography. The control group only received the routine preparations of the ward. The state anxiety levels in both groups before and after the education were measured and compared. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test, independent T-test and paired T-test. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. In this study, mean of state anxiety in experimental group decreased significantly as compared with control group. Based on the results of this study, multimedia education in native language was effective on reducing the anxiety of coronary angiography candidates. Therefore, it is recommended to use this method to reduce anxiety in patients before invasive procedures

Practice of Iranian adolescent girls regarding puberty and menstrual hygiene and its predictors, 2013

Adolescence is a unique period in life cycle. During this period, adolescents face with many behavioural challenges. This study aimed to determine adolescent girls' practice regarding puberty and menstrual hygiene, as well as its relationship with socio-demographic characteristics. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1017 female students who were studying at second and third grade of secondary schools in Tabriz, 2013. Samples were selected randomly. Questionnaires used in the study were the practice and socio-demographic questionnaires. General linear model was used to determine predictors of practice. Mean [SD] of practice score in adolescent girls was 64.2 [12.1] from attainable score of 0-100. More than half of students [56.7%] had moderate practice. According to adjusted general liner model, variables of being in second class, having a father with elementary education or illiterate, living in undesirable economic status, having peer groups and friends as main source of information, having insufficient information about puberty had negative relationships with practice score. While, there was a positive relationship between age at menarche and practice score [P<0.05]. The findings show that the practice of adolescents about puberty and menstrual hygiene is moderate. Thus, it is necessary to educate the girls about puberty and menstrual hygiene to enable them to have a healthy reproductive life in future

Causes and risk factors for chest reexploration after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery

To determine causes and risk factors for chest reexploration after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery [CABG]. In a retrospective study, the medical records of 105 patients that had chest reexploration CABG surgery from 2004 to 2006 in Madani Heart Hospital were assessed. Frequency of reexploration was 105 1904 [5.5%]. In addition, the records of 195 patients without chest reexploration that randomly selected from 1799 patients, were assessed,the medical records of patients were studied regarding demographic characteristics, causes and risk factors of chest reexploration. Data analysis was conducted by SPSS software using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings indicated that most frequent causes for chest reexploration were bleeding [36.2%] and cardiac tamponade [30.5%]. In addition, risk factors for chest reexploration were weight and body mass index [BMI] of patient, preoperative PT value, and preoperative use of Plavix. Reexploration rate in this study was close to other studies results

[Patients- and nurses' perspectives on respecting patients' privacy during nursing care]

Privacy is a major human need and is being considered as the cornerstone of medical care. Nurses, because of the specific nature of their profession, have a substantial role in meeting the patients need for privacy. The aim of this study was to compare viewpoints of patients and nurses about respecting patient's privacy during nursing care. In this descriptive comparative study, all nurses working in three hospitals affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Science [n= 109] and 161 patients from these hospitals were selected. The data was collected by a single questionnaire was prepared in two forms for either the patients or the nurses. First section of questionnaire consisted of the demographic data of the nurses and patients and the second section measured their viewpoints about respecting patients' privacy during nursing care. The results showed that there was statistically significant difference between nurses' [Mean = 33.06] and patients' [Mean = 27.05] viewpoints about respecting patient's privacy [P<0.001]. Furthermore, there was a positive powerful correlation between the days of hospitalization [P<0.001] and the needs of patients for nursing care [P=0.019] with the patients' viewpoint about respecting to their privacy during nursing care. Also, there was a negative powerful correlation between the perception of patients regarding their health [P<0.001] and the patients' viewpoint of respecting to their privacy during nursing care. This research showed that there were some differences between nurses and patients viewpoint about respecting the patients privacy. Furthermore, the results showed that when the patients need further nursing care, have worse health status or increase in hospitalization day, the patient's viewpoint about respecting to their privacy during nursing care increases. This may indicate that the interaction of the patient with nursing stuff may improve their viewpoint about respecting to privacy