ABSTRACT
Functional brain imagings studies have shown brain regions having greater neural activity during an experimental task than during rest or sensory-motor task with reduced cognitive demand. Based upon this hypothesis that supports the idea of [default mode of brain function] recent studies have focused on brain regions in which neuronal activity is greater during resting-state than during an experimental task with cognitive demand. Recent Studies have showed that resting-state connectivity is crucial for cognitive performance. To detect dysfunctional connectivity and activity in various resting-state networks in brain that has been suggested to be underlying pathophysiology of some neuropsychiatric disorders, resting-state fMRI could be considered as a relatively novel and beneficial tool for diagnosis of these disorders. In this article, brain resting-state networks are briefly introduced for better understanding of possible clinical applications of resting-state fMRI in diagnosis and early detection of some neuropsychiatric diseases that have been studied in recent years