ABSTRACT
@#The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of breast cancer among health science students in Shahrekord city, Iran. A cross- sectional study was conducted in 2017-2018 academic year among 334 health science students in Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. Data was collected using self-administered structured questionnaire. The total score for knowledge was 18. Any respondent who had more than 9 was considered as having good knowledge and below 9 as having poor knowledge. The total score for attitude was 7. Any score more than 4 was considered as good attitude and score less than 4 was considered as bad attitude. The mean age of the respondents was 21.21± 1.19 years. Most of the respondents aged 18 to 21 years. The knowledge level was significantly different by age group (P=0.002), department (P=0.000) and those who attended training course (P=0.000). Those who perform BSE (Breast Self-Examination) had higher knowledge score about breast cancer than those who do not perform BSE (P=0.000). The participants’ attitude was not significantly different by age group, department, family history of cancer and attending of training courses (p > 0.05). The breast self-examination practice was significantly different by age group (P=0.002), department (P=0.000) and those who attended training course (P=0.000). About half of the respondents had good knowledge on breast cancer. However, more than half of the participants had negative attitude towards breast cancer. For example, less than half of the respondents performed BSE and none of the respondents has performed CBE (Clinical Breast Examination) or mammogram before.
ABSTRACT
@#Cancellation of surgical cases is increasingly considered as an adverse event that requires routine monitoring because of its effects on utilization of health system resources. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence and identify the reasons of cancellation of scheduled surgery Yazd ShohadaKargar hospital, Iran. This is a retrospectivestudy to descriptivereasons of surgery cancelation.Medical records were reviewed all patients scheduled for elective surgeries in a period of 1 year, starting from 21stof March 2011 to 20thof March2012. The reasons of surgery cancelation were divided as avoidable and unavoidable reasons. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20 software.A total of 14,670cases were scheduled to undergo elective surgical procedures. Of those, 274 cases were cancelled (1.87%). Majority 184 (67.2%) of cancelation was due to avoidable reasons other 90 (32.8%) due to unavoidable reasons. The highest number of cancelation caseswere occurred in the general surgical service 70 (25.5%) followed by orthopedic surgery 65 (24%) and Gynecology surgery 45 (16.5%). There were many causeswere recorded for cancellation of surgeries, the most common cause was cancellation due to patient medical problems (35.6%) and the second most common cause of cancellations was patient refusing the surgery (28.4%). The least cause of cancellations was due to problem with Facilities(4.4%). In conclusion, majority of the cancelation was due to avoidable reasons. The highest number of cancellation occurred in the general surgical, orthopedic surgery and Gynecology surgery.The most common causes for surgery cancelation were due to patient medical problems and patient refusing the surgery. The least cause was due to problem with Facilities.
ABSTRACT
Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia, meningitis, and bacteremia in children and adults, including the elderly, and is responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Aim of this paper to review published articles on incidence of pneumococcal meningitis in children less than 5 years of age in Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand, and compare the incidence of pneumococcal meningitis among the children in the three courtiers. Literature searches were conducted using google scholar, PubMed, the World Health Organization (WHO) website of the Weekly Epidemiological Record, and the countries’ Ministry of Health (MOH) website, and were limited to articles written in English. All relevant publications/abstracts published/presented during the period December 2000 through March 2014. Searches were conducted from April 1, 2014, till July 11, 2014 using various combinations of the following search terms “ Pneumococcal diseases” OR “meningococcal” OR “pneumococcal meningitis” OR “meningococcus”. A total of five articles and abstracts described the incidence of pneumococcal meningitis among children 5 years old. These five documents include two conference abstracts from Malaysia, one published paper from Singapore and two published papers from Thailand. The Malaysian, Singaporean and Thai pneumococcal meningitis incidence rate was 3.8-8.6, 2.3 and 0.10-1.8 per 100,000 children respectively. Our review confirmed that the incidence rate of pneumococcal meningitis was vary among the countries. The highest incidence rate of pneumococcal meningitis was found in Malaysia followed by Singapore and Thailand.