ABSTRACT
Hymenolepiasis is a helminthic and occasionally fatal disease of human imposing heavy economic losses to human society. Present study was aimed to diagnose the school children for the prevalence and control of Hymenolepiasis. A school based cross-sectional analysis of stool samples collected from 188 children aged 06-15 years was carried out [February to June 2016]. Two stool samples were collected from each student before diagnosing and after treatment. The samples were fixed in 10% formalin and observed under the light microscope using the methods of direct smear in Lugol's solution, normal saline and flotation techniques. On the basis of drugs accessibility all the H. nana infected children were divided in to 2- groups. Children in group A were treated with albendazole [bendazol] 400mg once orally, group B was treated with albendazole [zentel] 200mg orally. Eggs per gram of faeces were counted in each group before and after treatment. Of the 188 children, current study reveals only 6.08% [n=18/296] infection with H.nana and 10.5% [n=16/151] were diagnosed with co infections. The % efficacy of albendazole [Zentel] and albendazole [bendazol] against Hymenolepis nana infection was reported as 83% and 75% respectively. Present study was concluded that albendazole [zentel] is the drug of choice for the treatment of hymenolepiasis in children
ABSTRACT
Present work is aimed to compare the physicochemical characterization and biochemical effects of oil extracted from Silybum Marianum and Sunflower oil, collected from Peshawar [Pakistan]. To investigate the comparative effects on the body weight, organ weight and lipid profile, the crude oil of Silybum marianum, edible sunflower oil and vegetable ghee were given to three groups of rabbits under study. Percent proximate composition and food consumption of all rabbits were determined which showed no significant statistical variation. There is no data available about Silybum marianum oil on animal model in literature. This study clearly revealed that oil from Silybum marianum significantly reduces plasma cholesterol level in rabbits. A threefold higher Triglyceride levels was observed in vegetable ghee feeding groups compared with the sunflower and Silybum marianum oil feeding groups. The crude oil of Silybum marianum was found to be safe in rabbits compared with sunflower oil and vegetable ghee. The results of these studies revealed most valuable information and also support the refining and purification to convert this non-edible oil to edible oil
ABSTRACT
Objective: to show the frequency of tumours and tumour-like lesions in various age groups, male to female ratio and the bones commonly involved
Material and Methods: microscopic slides, tissue paraffin blocks, clinical record and available x-rays of 271 patients whose specimens were reported between 1992 to 2001 were retrieved from the record of Pathology Department, Lady Reading Hospital [LRH] Peshawar. Of the total, 21 cases had inadequate material. The slides were reviewed by two histopathologists
Results: results showed osteosarcoma [OSA] and Ewing's sarcoma to be the commonest malignant tumours in childhood and adolescence with the mean age of 15.3 years. Lymphoma, fibro sarcoma, malig- nant fibrous histiocytoma [MFH] and giant cell tumour were the commonest malignancies in middle adulthood with the mean age of 32.2 years. In the late adulthood and old age [mean age of 51.2 years], metastatic tumours, plasma cell myeloma and chondrosarcoma were the commonest malignant bone tumours. Osteosarcoma was the commonest malignant and osteochondmma was the commonest benign bone tumour. The bones most commonly involved were femur, tibia and humerus. In male to female ratio, male preponderance was noted in most of the malignant tumours except giant cell tumour and Ewing's sarcoma
Conclusion: the study consisted of a small number of cases and was biopsy based, therefore need careful interpretation