ABSTRACT
Introduction: Respiratory distress (RD) is a common causeof admission in the neonatal unit. Early recognition of RDand initiation of appropriate treatment is important to ensureoptimal outcomes. RD is one of the most common causes ofmorbidity in newborn. Aim of the present research was tostudy clinical profile of neonatal respiratory distress (RD),to find out most common etiology of respiratory distress innewborn and to assess the immediate clinical outcome of RDin our neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Material and Methods: A prospective study was conductedat Tertiary Care Hospital, Guntur from May 2019 to October2019 and study includes 200 cases. Term, pre-term and postterm babies both in-born and out-born cases were included inthe study.Results: The study showed among the 720 newborns admittedin NICU, 200 (28 %) cases were admitted with Respiratorydistress. Of them, 116 babies (58%) were delivered vaginallyand 84 (42%) by lower segment caesarean section. There were122 (61%) pre-term babies, 68 (34%) term and 10 (5%) postterm neonates who were admitted with respiratory distress. Themajority of cases were clinically presented with tachypnea,flaring of alae nasi, and chest indrawing. The respiratorydistress resolved on the 4th day in majority of cases.Conclusion: Respiratory Distress is one of the commonestcause of NICU admissions. Transient tachypnea of thenewborn is the most common cause of respiratory distress interm babies whereas Hyaline membrane disease is common inpreterm babies. The survival rate was 90% among RD casesadmitted to NICU.
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Background: Anemia due to Iron deficiency is the commonest malnutrition disorder seen throughout the world and in India. It is also responsible for increased incidence of premature births, low birth weight babies and high perinatal mortality. Hence, the present study undertaken to assess efficacy and safety of injectable iron sucrose with oral ferrous ascorbate.Methods: 100 pregnant women, between gestational age 14 and 28 weeks were divided randomly into two groups i.e. group A consists of oral iron, a total of 200 mg of elemental iron per day, two 100mg iron tablets per day and group B consists of iron sucrose at the rate of 200mg on alternate OPD day. Informed consent was taken from each patient.Results: The percentage rise in hemoglobin at fourth and eighth weeks of treatment was statistically significant when compared to the baseline. Statistically significant rise in hemoglobin, PCV and ferritin levels were found at fourth and eighth weeks in IV group when compared to oral group.Conclusions: This study concluded that intravenous iron sucrose is safe and highly efficacious for the treatment of anemia in pregnancy. It restores iron stores more promptly. Iron sucrose therapy is more effective in achieving the optimum results, an increase in hemoglobin concentration, PCV levels and an increase in ferritin levels also. Therefore, it is a suitable alternative to oral iron with minimal side effects in those patients who cannot tolerate oral iron therapy.
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Bell's palsy (spontaneous idiopathic facial paralysis), is one of the most common pathology afflicting the facial nerve which has a sudden onset. Bell's palsy is the most common cause of facial paralysis, involving per cent of facial palsies, when other causes have been eliminated. It has an incidence of 11–40 Garg KN, Gupta K, Singh S, Chaudhary S. Bell's Palsy: Aetiology, Classification, Differential Diagnosis and Treatment Consideration: A Review. www.journalofdentofacialsciences.com, 2012; 1(1): 1–8 per 100,000 per year, and most commonly occurs in females in their teens and twenties. The occurrence of Bell ’s palsy in children is a comparatively rare event and resolves uneventfully. The child patient with Bell ’s palsy presents a unique case scenario where the emotions of the family and the child have to be dealt and managed in an efficacious and sensitive manner. The distribution is almost equal in the thirties, with a slight predominance in males over 40. Untreated Bell's palsy leaves some patients with major facial dysfunction and a reduced quality of life, which may include physical, emotional and psychological issues. It is essential to rule out other causes of facial paralysis before making definitive diagnosis, which implies the intervention. An assessment of severity with an overview of management is presented in this review.
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The main objective in paediatric dentistry is to maintain primary teeth in the oral cavity till exfoliation. Endodontic therapy has to be done to treat infected pulp. Various obturating materials are zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE), iodoform, Vitapex, metapex, calcium hydroxide, Endoflas, etc. were used in primary teeth but none of these materials have the ideal obturating properties. In primary teeth, a tight apical seal, complete debridement of the canals and obliteration of the canal space is not always possible, even in pulpectomies that succeed. Because of open apices due to resorption there is no apical barrier that can prevent the extrusion of the filling material.
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Tissue engineering is a science based on the fundamental principles involving the identification of appropriate cells, the development of conductive scaffolds and the understanding of the morphogenic signals required to induce cells to regenerate a tissue or an organ (Karien, 2009). Stem cells are one of the most fascinating areas of biology today. They are the key elements for tissue engineering. For years, scientists all over the world have been working on the possibilities of using the stem cells to regenerate human cells that are damaged due to illness, developmental defects and accidents. The discovery of dental stem cells and the recent advances in cellular and molecular biology have led to the development of novel therapeutic strategies that aim at regeneration of oral tissues that were injured by disease or trauma.