ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Congenital heart disease is an abnormality of anatomical structure of the heart that is of paramount importance. The incidence is approximately 8 per 1000 live births. CHD not only contributes to signi?cant mortality and morbidity but also causes tremendous psychological stress and economical burden to whole family. OBJECTIVE: To study the pattern and clinical pro?le of congenital heart diseases in a tertiary care hospital and to aid for early stdetection and quick referral of children with congenital heart disease In this study, done between January 1 2020 to RESULTS: june 31st 2021, 54 children with con?rmed congenital heart disease were observed. ACHD was the most common type of CHD and of them, VSD was the most common type, followed by ASD. Based on sex distribution, 31 were male (55.5%) and 23 were female (44.5%), with a male: female ratio of 1.25:1. Most children belonged in the age group 6m – 1year (46.2%) followed by (42.5%) in 30days – 6months age. The common clinical presentation observed in this study was breathlessness. The common complication observed in the current study was heart failure followed by malnourishment and recurrent LRTI.
ABSTRACT
Background: Induction of labor (IOL) is a process where labor is initiated artificially before its spontaneous onset for the delivery of feto placental unit by mechanical or pharmacologic methods.Methods: The present Hospital based prospective randomized comparative study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Charitable Hospital, Belagavi during the period of January 2015 to December 2015.The selected women were randomized into two groups by simple randomization using an opaque sealed envelope, into either without vaginal estradiol Group A: Group PGE2 - Prostaglandin E2 gel intracervical alone group or Group B: PGE2 + E (Estradiol) - combined Prostaglandin E2 gel intracervical and 50 µg of estradiol tablet intravaginal group.Results: In the present study 65% of the women in group PGE2 required three doses of prostaglandins compared to 23.33% in group PGE2 and estradiol for the cervix to become favorable. In this study there is significantly longer mean interval time noted for induction to cervical ripening (12.88±4.91 versus 8.92±5.07; p <0.001), induction to active labor (16.97±4.93 versus 11.02±4.72; p <0.001) and induction to delivery time (21.97±3.83 versus 13.14±4.98; p <0.001) in group PGE2 compared to combined PGE2 and estradiol group.Conclusions: Thus, vaginal estradiol along with prostaglandins has the potential in cervical ripening and induce labor and in an efficacious way. There is beneficial fetal outcome when combined vaginal estradiol along with intracervical prostaglandin E2 was used.
ABSTRACT
Background: Ultrasonography is one of the most important and useful diagnostic tools in the field of modern medicine. Being non-invasive, safe and without hazards of radiation, it has gained wide acceptability, as an integral part of basic investigative procedures. A yolk sac can be detected easily by transvaginal sonography when the mean gestational sac diameter is 5 to 6 mm. Generally, the yolk sac should be observed when a gestational sac measures greater than 8. The yolk sac is situated between the amnion and the chorion.Methods: The present Prospective study was conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynecology, K. L. E. S. Dr. Prabhakar Kore charitable Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belagavi during the period of January 2015 to February 2016. Records of pregnant women registering between 6 to 10-week 6 days’ period of gestation in OPD at KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Charitable Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belagavi and who were fulfilling eligible selection criteria were studied prospectively.Results: A total of 254 study participants were included in the study and analysed. In this study, 49 cases were from age group of 20 years or less than 20 years i.e. around 19.29% of total study population. Majority of the cases were with normal yolk sac diameter (YSD) i.e. around 201 cases which accounts for 79.13% of total study population and total number of cases with abnormal yolk sac diameter (YSD) were 53 which accounts for 20.87% of total study population.Conclusions: Measurement of the secondary yolk sac diameter between 6th to 10th weeks 6 days of gestation can be used as a valuable tool in predicting outcome of the pregnancy.