[ comparative study of attachment styles in persons with or without substance use disorders]

The aim of this study was to compare the attachment styles of persons with or without substance use disorders. Two hundred and forty volunteers [120 patients, 120 controls] were included in this study. All participants were asked to complete Substance Use Disorders Questionnaire [SUDQ] and Adult Attachment Inventory [AAI]. Analysis of the data involved both descriptive and inferential statistics including means, standard deviations, t-tests, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and regression analysis. The results revealed a significant difference between attachment styles of the patients with substance, [opioid], use disorders and controls. Secure and insecure attachment styles had significant negative and positive correlations, respectively, with opioid dependency. Attachment styles of patients with substance use disorders with opioid abuse are influenced by processes of family interactions, social control, affection regulation and self-efficacy

Comparison of analgesia effect between intravenous propacetamol and Tramadol

IV Acetaminophen [Propacetamol] is one the drugs which has recently been discussed in pain management. The Purpose of this study, is the comparison of analgesic effect of Propacetamol and Tramadol in pain relief of renal colic patients. This double blinded randomized clinical trial was preformed on 80 patients who came to ED of Hazrat Rasool Akram Hospital [HRAH] due to renal colic. Demographic data and pain scores were evaluated prior to injection [through numeric rating scale]. Then, patients received one of the drugs, drug A [1 gr Propacetamol] or B [100mg Tramadol] randomly. Pain relief and adverse effects of the drugs were evaluated 30 minutes after injection. After 1 hour satisfaction and the need to administer a narcotic were evaluated. Data was gathered and analyzed by T-test via SPSS software. The P value less than 0/05 was dertermined to be significant.The mean age in group A, was 33 +/- 8.6 yrs and in group B, was 34.2 +/- 8.2 yrs. Mean of pain score in group A, was 7.6 +/- 1.6 and in group B, was 7.5 +/- 15 Pain relief in group A, was 4.4 +/- 1.6 and in group B, was 2.6 +/- 1.2. Differences between the groups were significant. 12 cases [%30] in group A, and in 25 cases [%62/5] in group B, recieced additional analgesic for pain relief, thus, difference between groups was significant. According this study, IV Propacetamol is a safe and effective drug for pain relief in renal colic patients, without any significant adverse effects. Our survey showed that IV Propacetaimol is more efficient and has less side effects in comparison with Tramadol in the pain relief of renal colic patients