[Effect of Bio-Gen [Bioteck]and Bio-Oss with and without alendronate on bone formation by [guided bone regeneration]: [a histomorphometric study in dogs]]

Several different graft materials, e.g. autologous, allografts, alloplasts or xenografts have been used to preserve or reconstruct the ridge anatomy. The purpose of this study was to investigate histologically and histomorphometrically experimental defects that grafted with Bio-Gen and Bio-oss and influence of local delivery of Alendronate with graft materials on bone formation. This experimental study did in 5 dog's tibia, 7 round intrabony defects, 6mm in diameter and approximately 4 mm in depth were made with trephine bur, each defect in each tibia filled randomly with following groups: 1] Bio-Gen [Bio-teck]+BCG membrane, 2] BBM[Bio-Oss]+Bio-gide membrane, 3]Bio-Gen+ alendronate+BCG membrane, 4] Bio-oss+alendronate+Bio-gide membrane, 5] BCG membrane, 6] Bio-gide membrane, 7] Control [empty]. Animals developed euthanized after 3 months. Immediately after euthanasia the tibia bones were dissected out and the proximal part of the tibias containing the defects were removed in blocks and prepared for Histologic and Histomorphometric evaluation. The data were analyzed using the ANOVA and Tukey procedures. P-values were less than 0.05. Newly formed bone was well evident in all of the defects inflammatory cells were less than 10% in all of them. The mean percentage of new bone in these 4 groups [with grafted materials] was higher than the other ones [with membrane and without grafted materials] and control groups [p<0.05]. There is no statistical different between Bio-Oss and Bio-Gen groups [with or without alendronate] in vital bone percentages. Application of single dose alendronate combination with Bio-oss or Bio-Gen granules doesn't improves bone formation. Bio-Gen granules are considered an osteoconductive graft material suitable for regeneration of bone

[Fibroblastic osteosarcoma in mandible: a rare case report and review of literature]

Osteosarcoma is a malignancy of mesenchymal cells that have the ability to produce Osteoid or immature bone. Osteosarcoma of the jaw is uncommon and represents 6-8% of all osteosarcomas. This tumor occurs most often in the third and fourth decades of life, which is 10-15 years older than the mean age for Osteosarcomas of the long bones. The Maxilla and Mandible are involved with a boot equal frequency and a slight male predominance, is noted. Mandibular tumors arise more frequently in the posterior body and horizontal ramus. Maxillary lesions are discovered more commonly in the alveolar ridge, sinus floor and palate. This article is a report of fibroblastic Osteosarcoma in the mandible of a 35 years old man that has been referred to pathology Department of Shahid Beheshti dental school. The specific characteristic of this case, is its histologic features, because fibioblastic Osteosarcoma is rare in jaws and most cases are chondroblastic Osteosarcoma

[Clinical evaluation of immediate implantation with biologic membrane after tooth extraction]

The replacement of missing teeth with late dental implants has become an acceptable and standard treatment modality. However, there have been only a few studies evaluating the immediate dental implants. The aims of this study were: 1] To evaluate the possibility of inserting dental implants into extraction sockets immediately after extraction. 2] To assess osseointegration after immediate implant insertion clinically. 3] To evaluate the changes in depth and width of defects surrounding implants as well as change in distance from cover screw to alveolar crest after insertion of fixtures following immediate implantation and assess the efficacy of this method in preserving height and width of the alveolar ridge. In this clinical trial which had a before-after design, five implants were inserted in 3 patients immediately following extraction of the teeth number 44, 47, 11, 14 and 23. HA coated Dyna implant systems were used in this study. At the initial stage as well as the second stage of surgery the following parameters were measured at 6 sites around each implant: width and depth of remaining defect around the neck of fixtures and the distance from the covers crew to crest. The role of baseline defect parameters on the final configuration of defects were analyzed statistically, by paired t-test and multiple regression. Defect depth and defect width showed improvements of 3.4mm [90%] and 1.8mm [94.5%] respectively which were statistically significant. Improvement in the width and depth of defects had negative correlation with baseline defect width and depth. Furthermore, the distance from alveolar crest to the cover screw at baseline had a significant influence on the reduction of the defect width at the re-entry visit. Primary stability at the insertion visit had a significant and positive effect on the remaining defect depth at the re-entry, although its effect on the defect width was positive but insignificant. Sites with primary stability showed a 10 times smaller distance from cover screw to the crest, which was statistically significant. Insertion of immediate implants into extraction sockets using Dyna HA coated implants are clinically possible, with a predictable and successful outcome. In addition, primary stability of implants in such sites, although is not essential for clinical osseointegration, it may facilitate the bone fill in the defects around immediately inserted implants

Application of direct agglutination test [DAT] for the diagnosis and seroepidemiological studies of visceral leishmaniasis in Iran

Visceral leishmaniasis [VL] is one of the most important parasitic diseases which is endemic in different parts of Iran. Serological studies were conducted by direct agglutination test [DAT] on 12144 human serum samples, collected from four geographical zones of Iran. Sero prevalence, geographical distribution, clinical signs and symptoms for human visceral leishmaniasis based on DAT for the period of 2002 through 2005 were determined. From 516 kala-azar cases detected: 50.6% were from Meshkin-shahr and Moghan districts in Ardabil Province, northwest of Iran and 49.4% were detected from other areas of Iran. In physical examination of seropositive cases, which were detected by DAT with anti-leishmanial antibodies at titers of 1: 3200 to 1: 102400, almost 50% of suspected individuals showed the classical kala-azar signs and symptoms. Predominant signs and symptoms in 233 hospitalized patients with anti-Leishmania antibodies at 1:3200 and higher, were fever [88.0%] and splenomegaly [84.5%]. Statistically significant difference was found between males [58%] and females [42%] [P< 0.01]. Moreover, 93.6% of the VL patients were < 5 yr of age, and 6.4% were older than 5 yr that this difference was statistically significant [P< 0.01]. From 1383 serum samples collected from domestic dogs in the villages that are known as endemic foci of human leishmaniasis, 152 [11.0%] were positive by DAT [>/= 1:320]. Parasitological and serological examinations that were performed in 30 wild canines showed that 10% of these animals were infected by L. infantum. L. infantum Lon49 is the principal agent of the disease in human as well as animal reservoir hosts in different parts of Iran. For the first time in Iran, L. tropica isolated from both skin lesions in the face and bone marrow aspiration in a HIV+ man who co-infected with VL as well as in an infected dog from Ardabil Province

Advanced glycation end products and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance in gingival tissues of diabetic and non-diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis

Production of advanced glycation end products [AGEs] is directly linked to the level and duration of hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. Oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. Free radicals are formed in diabetes by glucose oxidation, nonenzymaticglycation of proteins and subsequent oxidative degradation of glycated proteins. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance [TB ARs] is a factor evidence in the presence of oxidative stress as a potential mechanism under-lying periodontal disease associated with diabetes.11 subjects [mean age 38.9 years, 6M, 5F] with chronic periodontitis associated with diabetes [5 Type 1, 6 Type II] and 16 subjects [mean age 36.7 years, 7M, 6F] with chronic periodontitis as a matched control group participated in this study. Clinical attachment loss and bleeding on probing were determined in all subjects during clinical examination. FBS and HbAlc were measured in all subjects. Sections of gingival tissue of all patients were removed during periodontal surgery. AGEs and TEARS were measured in all removed gingival tissues. The statistical analysis was carried out using T-test, Mann-Whitney U-test and Spearman correlation coefficient.FBS in diabetic and non-diabetic patients was 155.0 +/- 82.0 and 87.4 +/- 10.6 mg/dL respectively and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant [p= 0.03]. There was also a significant difference in HbAlc between the two studied groups [5 +/- 0.04 and 9.1 +/- 1.03%] in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects respectively, [p= 0.000]. A higher level of TB ARs was observed in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetics [1.13 +/- 0.3 vs 0.05 +/- 0.01 mole/lit ;p= 0.001]. Clinical attachment loss also was higher in diabetic patients [p= 0.008].From the results of this study it can be concluded that oxidative stress plays a major role in the development of periodontitis in diabetic patients

Evaluation the existance of the helicobacter pylori in stomach, subgingival plaque and samples taken from periodontal pockets in dyspeptic patients by polymerase chain reaction [PCR]

Dental plaque and periodontal pockets might be a reservoir for Helicobacter pylori which is a factor for recurrence of alimentary system problems. The aim of this study was assessment of helicobacter pylori in dental plaque, periodontal pockets and stomach samples of patients with dyspepsia. In this descriptive study, 96 patients [45 Males and 51 females] refferred to Ecbatan hospital with dyspeptic complaints, were randomly selected. After filling out the questionnaire, samples of subgingival plaque and periodontal pocket were prepared in every patient. Then the patients were examined by endoscopy. All the samples were collected and were assessed for detection of Helicobactor pylori [HP] by polymerase chain reaction [PCR]. In 96 of dyspeptic patients with mean age of 37.28 yr, negative PCR in all samples was detected. It can be concluded that dental plaque and periodontal pockets could not be a reservior for HP, and do not play a role in recurrence or incidence of dyspepsia in these patients

Identification of leishmania sepsis isolated from human cutaneous leishmaniasis, using r and om amplified polymorphic DNA [RAPD-PCR]

This cross-sectional study was designed to isolate of Leishmania spp from cutaneous leishmaniasis patients and characterized them by RAPD-PCR technique. Eighty- seven Leishmania isolates from 112 samples were collected from cutaneous leishmaniasis [CL] patients who referred to Mashhad Health Centers from August 2002 to May 2004. Desirable samples [87 isolates] were characterized by RAPD-PCR method using four selected oligoprimers. Electrophoresis patterns from each isolate were compared with reference strains of L. major, L. tropica and L. infantum. The results showed that 94.2% and 5.8% of isolates were similar to L.tropica and L.major reference strain, respectively. Four isolates that were determined by RAPD-PCR as L.major, could produce ulcer at the base tail of BALB/c mice, 4 - 12 weeks after inoculation but none of L. tropica isolates produced any lesions at the site of injection in the animals. The results indicate that L. tropica species are dominant in the studied areas of Mashhad city and RAPD-PCR technique is a suitable tool for Leishmania characterization in epidemiological studies