Biochemical studies on blood platelets of chronic renal failure patients and their relations to impairment of platelet function

Abnormal bleeding is a major complication of chronic renal failure. Among the multiple causes of this defect is impaired platelet function as reduced platelet adhesiveness defective aggregation by thrombin and adenosine diphosphate, and inhibition of release reaction. The aim of this study was to find a correlation between impaired platelet function and changes of the biochemical structure of the plaselets. The platelets of 15 patients with chronic renal failure and ten normal subjects [controls] were studied for total proteins, lipids, phospholipids, cholesterol and total carbohydrates, and protein components separated by electrophoresis. Also the enzyme activities of Na[+]-K[+]-Mg[+2] adenosine triphosphatase and monoamine oxidase were studied. The results showed increased concentration of total lipids, phospholipids and a qualitative change in protein components of uremic platelets. On the other hand, the activities of Na[+]-K[+]-Mg[+2] adenosine triphosphatase and monoamine oxidase were decreased. These results were discussed in the light of their effect on platelet physiological functions

Concentrations of-plasma atrial natriuretic peptide, renin, angiotensin II and aldosterone under different conditions of sodium intake in rats

It is known that atrial natriuretic peptide [ANP] plays a major role in the homeostasis of body fluids. There are evidence that ANP may link the heart, kidney, adrenal, blood vessels and brain in a complex system involved in the regulation of body fluids and electrolytes as well as blood pressure. The study was carried out on 90 male albino rats divided into 6 groups, each of 15 rats. The first group was kept for 15 days on normal diet [controls], the 2nd, 3rd groups were kept on different sodium intake, 50, 150 and 350 nmol/kg of diet respectively. The 5th group was injected daily with 0.01 micro l/kg body weight ANP and the last group was injected daily with 0.02 micro l/kg body weight cafedrine HC1, theodrenaline HC1 for 7 days. At the end of the experiments the animals were sacrificed, blood samples were obtained and plasma separated and kept frozen for analysis. The results show that plasma ANP, renin, aldosterone and angiotensin II were significantly decreased in the 3rd, and 4th groups while in the 2nd group there was no statistically significant change when compared with controls. After injection of cafedrine, HC1, theodrenaline HC1, plasma ANP was significantly decreased while plasma renin, aldosterone and angiotensin II were significantly increased. After injection of ANP, significant decrease in renin and aldosterone was observed but angiotensin II showed significant decrease. Plasma sodium and potassium concentrations were significantly increased in all cases compared to controls. The results were discussed according to current literatures