ABSTRACT
Introduction: The etiology of exudative ascites cannot always be diagnosed accurately. Laparoscopy could be used as an appropriate diagnostic modality in these cases
Objective: Evaluate the laparoscopic, biochemical and clinical findings in patients with exudative ascites of unknown etiology
Materials and Methods: In a case-series study, we studied the data of 67 patients with exudative ascites of unknown etiology who under went diagnostic laparoscopy in endoscopy ward of Imam Khomeini Hospital from 2002 to 2005. Demographic data; complaints; clinical, laboratory and laparoscopic findings were evaluated and the accurate etiology of exudative ascites was determined. Man Whitney and Fischer's exact test were used for statistical analysis. P values less than 0.05 was considered significant
Results: The most common cause of exudative ascites was carcinomatous peritonitis then tuberculosis and lymphoma. Tuberculosis peritonitis was the most common etiology of exudative ascites in afghan immigrants. Abdominal masses were only palpated in cases of malignancy. Uniform micronodules and fibrous bands were observed in tuberculous peritonitis. Icter was observed in half of the patients with Budd-chiari Syndrome and lymphoma. Hepatomegaly was mostly seen in Budd-chiari Syndrome and neoplasms
Conclusion: Carcinomatous peritonitis, tuberculosis and lymphoma were the most common causes of exudative ascites of unknown etiology