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Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 57(2): 167-175, jun. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1042686

ABSTRACT

Resumen El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la estructura factorial y las características psicométricas de la Escala de Desesperanza de Beck (BHS), validando su utilización en Chile como instrumento útil para la pesquisa de riesgo suicida en jóvenes universitarios. Método: La muestra estuvo compuesta por 200 estudiantes de primer año de la Universidad Austral de Chile, quienes respondieron voluntariamente el consentimiento informado, la BHS y los otros cuestionarios que permitieron verificar la validez concurrente y discriminante de la escala. Se realizaron análisis de consistencia interna, correlacionales y de componentes principales. Resultados: Los distintos procedimientos de análisis permiten sostener que la escala BHS es un instrumento confiable y valido para detectar riesgo de suicidio en población universitaria chilena. Asimismo, los análisis arrojaron un modelo de cuatro factores, el que varía de lo propuesto por los autores de la BHS, aunque es concordante con lo encontrado en otros estudios internacionales. Conclusiones: La presente investigación permite suponer que la BHS es un instrumento confiable y válido para detectar riesgo suicida en estudiantes universitarios chilenos. Este instrumento breve y fácil de administrar permitiría detectar eficaz y tempranamente suicidalidad, siendo un aporte a la prevención de este fenómeno en nuestro país.


Introduction: The aim of present study is to determine the psychometric properties and the factorial structure of the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), validating its use in Chile as a suicide risk screening tool among university students. Method: The sample included 200 college freshmen undergraduate belonging to the Austral University of Chile, who through the website of the university, answered voluntary the Informed Consent and the questionnaires that allowed verifying the concurrent and discriminant validity of the BHS scale. The internal consistency of this scale was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha internal consistency. The data were analyzed through correlational and principal component analyzes. Results: The different Statistical analysis revealed a high level of internal consistency in the BHS scale, being a reliability and valid instrument to detect suicide risk in Chilean university population. Likewise, Principal Component Analysis showed a four-factor model, which varies from that proposed by the BHS authors, although it is consistent with that found in other international studies. Conclusions: The present investigation allows us to suppose that the BHS is a reliable and valid instrument to detect suicidal risk in Chilean university students. This brief and easy to administer instrument would allow to detect effective and early suicidality, being a contribution to the prevention of this phenomenon in our country.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Psychometrics , Students , Suicide , Universities , Risk , Chile , Surveys and Questionnaires
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