ABSTRACT
Lymphocytes regulate human tumor immunity and response to therapy, and lymphocyte-related indicators are closely associated with prognosis of tumor patients. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, absolute lymphocyte count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio can accurately identify breast cancer patients with different prognosis, thus representing a useful tool for clinicians in the treatment of the disease. In this review, we discuss the prognostic value of lymphocyte-related indicators in human breast cancer.
ABSTRACT
Cancers acquire reprogramming of energy metabolism to balance energy production and their biosynthetic needs. The altered metabolism includes aerobic glycolysis, glutaminolysis, reverse Warburg effect and truncated tricarboxylic acid cycle. Cancer cells principally rely on aerobic glycolysis through mitochondrial dysfunction, changes of key metabolic players, hypoxic microenvironment, and genomic changes. Understanding the style and mechanisms of cancer energy metabolism may lead to development of new approaches to reverse metabolic reprogramming.
ABSTRACT
Acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase) is an important enzyme in sphingolipid metabolism. Studies concerning the relationship between aSMase and tumor are relatively rare. However, the relationship between aSMase and the development and progression of tumors has already been demonstrated in previously published research. In this review, the mechanism of aSMase activation and the role of aSMase in the development and progression of tumors as well as its application value are summarized. Copyright © 2012 by TUMOR.
ABSTRACT
The efficacy and safety of Lishengsu (a rhG-CSF preparation) were evaluated for treatment of chemotherapy-induced leukopenia. 327 cases of leukopenia with grade I-IV induced by chemotherapy were subcutaneously administered at 2.5 - 5.0 micro g/(kg x d) of Lishengsu, and hemogram and the side effects were observed. The results showed that Lishengsu had satisfactory effect to cure leukopenia after chemtherapy, with an effective rate of 99.4% (325/327), the side effects were quite slight. It is concluded that Lishengsu is efficient and safe for patients with leukopenia, and can be used as an adjuvant drug for treatment of leukopenia after chemotherapy.