Diagnostic performance of fractal dimension and radiomorphometric indices from digital panoramic radiographs for screening low bone mineral density

A number of panoramic radiographic measurements have been associated with osteoporotic alterations. However, little is known about the differences in sensitivity and specificity among these measurements for screening low bone mineral density (BMD). Aim: To correlate and compare precision, sensitivity and specificity of panoramic radiomorphometric indices and fractal dimension (FD) for screening low BMD (i.e. osteopenia and osteoporosis). Methods: Sixty-eight female patients (42.78±15.59 years) were included in this study. Body mass index (BMI), mandibular cortical index (MCI), mandibular cortical width (MCW), FD and connectivity (C) were assessed. Low BMD was diagnosed by peripheral dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (p-DXA). Non-parametric correlations were assessed among all variables. In addition, sensitivity and specificity of MCI, MCW and FD were estimated for screening low BMD. Results: Significant correlation was found between FD and BMI (p=0.013; r=0.269). In addition, FD was the most sensitive method for screening low BMD (70.8%, p=0.001). FD and MCI presented a significant and relatively high sensitivity, whereas MCW presented a high specificity for screening low systemic BMD Conclusions: Among the analyzed methods, FD and MCI offer a significant and relatively high sensitivity, whereas MCW offers a high specificity for screening low BMD (Au)

Comparative spectrophotometric study of the color stability of three dental porcelains after repeated fi rings

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a estabilidade de cor de três marcas comerciais de porcelanas dentais aluminizadas durante seu processo de queima. Essas porcelanas são utilizadas para a confecção de dentes de prótese fi xa. Para o experimento foram confeccionados 30 corpos-de-prova em forma de disco com 2 mm de espessura e 10 mm de circunferência, sendo 10 da marca AllCeram, 10 da marca Noritake Cerabien CZR e 10 da marca Vita VM7. As amostras foram queimadas 10 vezes. As leituras de cor foram feitas em espectrofotômetro de refl exão nos seguintes intervalos: após a 1a queima, após a 3 queima, após a 5a queima e após a 10a queima. As curvas de refl exão foram convertidas em valores LAB e a diferença de cor foi medida por meio do método CIELAB (E). Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que existe variação de cor e que essa variação depende do número de queimas realizadas e da marca comercial utilizada.

The purpose of this investigation was to quantify the color differences in CIE ΔE units produced by multiple fi rings of three all-ceramic systems used in the fabrication of prosthodontic teeth. Thirty samples of the following brands were fabricated: AllCeram, Noritake Cerabien CZR and Vita VM7. A spectrophotometer was used for refl ectance measurement of color after 1 fi ring, 3 fi rings, 5 fi rings and 10 fi rings. The results were converted into CIELAB units. Color differences (ΔE) were calculated in the CIE color space. The color differences resulting from multiple fi rings proved to be dependent on the number of fi rings and on the porcelain brand tested.

Estudo da vascularização em mandíbulas de pacientes idosos edêntulos e dentados por meio da ultrassonografia modo B e doppler / Study of vascularization in edentulous elderly patient's jaws and teeth by means of ultrasonography and doppler mode B and doppler

Estudo elaborado para a investigação hemodinâmica das artérias alveolar inferior e mentual, relacionada com pacientes idosos edêntulos (totais e parciais) e dentados (com a presença do primeiro molar inferior bilateral), insento de doença oral e sistêmica, por meio da ultrassonografia modo B e Doppler, como forma de exame complementar. Por tratar-se de um método de diagnóstico preciso e confiável de visualização por meio de imagens, em tempo real, prontamente disponível, não invasivo, relativamente de baixo custo, inócuo, é uma importante ferramenta na avaliação de possíveis alterações da vascularização de diversos segmentos corpóreos, influenciando nas decisões clínicas, aumentando a precisão do diagnóstico complementar. Com o emprego do transdutor linear e endocavitário, de maneira intraoral, em 30 pacientes especificados acima, sendo 15 de cada grupo, foi mensurado as seguintes variáveis: IRV (índice de resistência vascular) o qual não sofreu efeitos de interação com lado (D e E), grupos (edêntulos totais e dentados) e artérias (AAI e AM), porém o ID (índice do diâmetro) e o VPS (velocidade de pico sistólico) apresentaram uma forte relação, isto significou que quando o valor de VPS aumentava no vaso estudado, o ID diminuía, ou seja a VPS e o ID se compensavam para manter a hemodinâmica constante, independentemente do lado (D e E) e do grupo (edêntulos e dentados), variando somente de artéria para artéria (AAI e AM).

Study prepared for the inferior alveolar artery hemodynamic investigation and mentual, related to edentulous and dentate elderly oral pathology free through ultrasonography and Doppler mode B, as a form of additional examination, because it is an accurate and reliable method of real time preview, readily available, non-invasive, relatively low-cost, innocuous, making it an important tool in the evaluation of possible changes in vascularity of various body segments corporals' influencing clinical decisions by increasing the accuracy of diagnosis. With the use of linear array transducer and endocavity, of 30 patients specified above, being 15 from each group, in a way, intraoral were measured the following variables: VRI (vascular resistance index) which did not suffer the effects of interaction with side (R and L), groups (toothed and edentulous) and arteries (AAI and AM), however the ID (index of the diameter) and PSV (peak systolic velocity) showed a strong relationship, this meant that when the PSV value increased in the studied vessel, the ID decreased, i.e. the PSV and the ID they were compensating for to maintain constant hemodynamic, regardless of the side (R and L) and group (edentulous and serrated), varying only the artery to artery (AAI and AM).

Evaluación del seno frontal y sus variaciones morfológicas por medio de tomografía computadorizada como método de identificación forense / Evoluation of the frontal sinus and morphological changes through computed tomography as a method of forensic identification

Introducción: Los senos frontales son presentados como dos cavidades anatómicas ubicadas en el hueso fron¬tal, que pueden estar divididos por un tabique. Su volumen y forma son muy variados, lo que los hace únicos. La tomografía computadorizada (TC) de los senos frontales se puede utilizar como un método de investigación forense, ya que su anatomía es única para cada ser humano. Objetivo: Evaluar la diversidad morfológica y el patrón más común de los senos frontales, en una muestra de conveniencia, por medio de la TC helicoidal. Ma¬terial y Método: 50 imágenes de la TC helicoidal, fueran evaluadas por tres dentistas, radiólogos, en la región de los senos frontales, a través de cortes coronales de los pacientes de ambos sexos, con edad cronológica entre 18 y 69 años. O seno frontal fue evaluado por su presencia, el número de cavidades, tamaño, simetría, el número de arcos en el techo y el alcance de los tabiques. Resultados: Se realizó un análisis estadístico de tipo descriptivo, donde se encontró 98% de presencia y 1 agenesia. 12,3% con 1 seno frontal, 75,5% con 2 senos frontales, 10,2% con 3 y 2% con 4 cavidades. 55% se mostraran pequeñas, 32,7% de tamaño mediano, y 12,3% fueran consideradas grandes. En cuanto a la simetría, 10,2% eran simétricos, pero la gran mayoría fueran consideradas asimétricas. 18,3% presentaban 1 arcada, 8,3% 2 arcadas, 20,5% 3, 28,6% 4, 12,3% 5 arcadas, 4% 6, 4% 7, 2% 8 y 2% 9 arcadas Y. El tabique eran completos en 71,5%. Conclusión: Con la evaluación de la morfología de los senos frontales, se concluyó que el patrón más común encontrado en la población estudiada fue de 2 cavidades, pequeñas, asimétricas con 1 arcada y con tabique completo

Introduction: The frontal sinuses appear as two anatomical cavities located in the frontal bone, which can be presented divided by a septum. Their volume and shape are varied, which make them unique. Computed Tomography (CT) of the frontal sinuses can be used as a method of forensic identification, since its anatomy is unique to each human being. Aims: To evaluate the morphological diversity of the frontal sinus in a conveni¬ence sample by means of helical CT and evaluate the most common pattern. Material and Methods: A total of 50 images of helical CT were evaluated by three dentists, radiologists, in the region of the frontal sinuses, through coronal slices from patients of both genders, aged 18 to 69 years. The frontal sinus was evaluated bin presence, number of cavities, size, symmetry, number of arches in the ceiling and extent of the septa. Results: We performed a descriptive statistical analysis, which found 98% presence and one agenesis of the frontal si¬nus. 12.3% with one frontal sinus, 75.5% with 2 sinuses, 10.2% with 3 and 2% with 4 cavities. Showed 55% small, 32.7% of medium size, and 12.3% were considered large. As for symmetry, 10.2% were symmetrical, but most were considered asymmetric. 18.3% had an arcade, 2 arcades were found in 8.3%, 20.5% with 3 arcades, 28.6% with 4, 12.3% with 5 arches, 4% with 6, 4% with 7 arcades and 2% with 8 and more 2% with 9 arches. The septum was complete in 71.5%. Conclusion: After the evaluation of the morphology of the frontal sinus, it was concluded that the most common pattern found, in the studied population, was that with 2 cavities, small, asymmetrical with 1 full wall and arcade