An in-vitro study in the determination of the permeability of foley catheter to ciprofloxacin

OBJECTIVE: To examine the ability of an antimicrobial agent Ciprofloxacin to diffuse through a Foley catheter retention balloon.METHODS: The Utraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) Spectophotometer (UV-1700 PharmaSpec) was utilized to detect the diffusion of the analyte (Ciprofloxacin) through end parameters such as peak absorbance and corresponding wavelengths.RESULTS: On UV-Vis spectophotometer, the control sample of sterile water was analyzed and found to have the lowest peak absorbance value of only 0.003 at a wavelength of 343 nm. The peak absorbance values of subsequent samples, taken from the same environment (sterile water), since submersion of the catheter balloon, on day-3, day-8, day-15 had increasing peak absorbance values on their corresponding wavelengths.CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the samples of sterile water from the outside environment of the submerged catheter yielded progressively increasing peak absorbance values on the succeeding days of submersion. Thereby, In lieu of this principle, one can infr the diffusion of the analyte throgh the catheter membrane, as reflected by the summary of peak absorbance value.

An orbital metastasis of prostate adenocarcinoma: A rare case report

A patient with known prostatic cancer presented with left supraorbital swelling with proptosis and restricted eye movements on left eye. Contrast enhanced computed tomography scan revealed dural and bone metastases with soft tissue component extending to the left orbit. Serum prostate specific antigen was markedly elevated at >100 ng/ml. Incision biopsy of the orbital tumor revealed only lymphocytic inflammatory cells within the fibrous stroma attributed mainly to the deeper location of the tumor or shallow locus of the biopsy. Incisional biopsy of the frontal bone revealed atypical looking cells in sheet cluster with nuclear enlargement, hyperchromatic in irregularity confirming the diagnosis of orbital metastasis of prostate carcinoma.Metastasis of prostate cancer to the orbit is rare. One should have a high index of suspicion of orbital metastasis when presented with an elderly patient with ocular symptoms and a history of prostate adenocarcinoma. A thorough clinical, radiological and histological evaluation is necessary to establish the diagnosis.

A randomized, controlled trial of pretreatment with finasteride in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate: Its effects on perioperative bleeding and microvessel density

Objectives: (1) To evaluate the expression of prostatic microvessel density in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) treated with finasteride among Filipino patients. (2) To evaluate the effects of finasteride in perioperative bleeding in patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate for BPHMaterials and Methods: Twenty (20) patients scheduled to undergo transurethral prostatic surgery for benign disease were randomized to pretreatment of finasteride 5 mg tablet once a day for 2 weeks before surgery. Perioperative bleeding parameters include serum hemoglobin determination one day before surgery and immediately 6 hours after the surgery and day 1 post-op. Parraffin blocks were sent for special immunohistochemical von Willebrand factor (factor 8) staining and microvessel density were analyzedResults: There was a significant difference in the mean decrease in serum hemoglobin level from the preoperative level to that measured in the immediate postoperative recovery period (4.2 +/- 2.30 gm/dL vs 7.4 +/- 3.63 gm/dL). However, there was no significant difference in the mean decrease in pre-operative serum hemoglobin level compared with the level measured one day after the procedure (8.9 +/- 8.01 gm/dL vs. 15.20 I 10.04 gm/dL). There was significantly less hemoglobin in the irrigation fluid in the finsteride group than in the control group (1.28 +/- 1.38 vs 7.92 +/- 6.34). Mean microvascular density in the finasteride group was 58.00 +/- 2.50 and in controls, 71.00 +/- 31.07Conclusion: Pretreatment with Finasteride 5 mg given daily for 2 weeks in patients with BPH undergoing TURP significantly decreases perioperative bleeding. Finasteride administration also decreases microvessel density in prostatic tissue. (Author)