effect of some maternal risk factors in glucose tolerance impairment among Sudanese pregnant women in the third trimester

To show the effect of some maternal risk factors in glucose tolerance impairment in pregnancy, a study was carried out on thirty pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus, thirty ones with impaired glucose tolerance and thirty control ones with normal glucose tolerance. Age and parity of the GDM and the IGT groups were significantly greater than that of the control group: 32.77 +/- 5.08 years [mean +/- S.D.], 31.1 +/- 6.04 vs 23.93 +/- 4.46 respectively, p<0.0001 and 5.23 +/- 2.69, 5.6 +/- 3.07 vs 2.77 +/- 1.48 respectively, p< 0.0001. Also, The GDM and the IGT groups were found to have a family history of diabetes and previous heavy babies, incidence significantly higher than that of the control group. Finally, it was concluded that Age, parity, previous heavy babies' incidence and family history of diabetes are very important maternal risk factors that affect glucose tolerance in pregnancy

Human placental lactogen and glucose intolerance in pregnancy: a study on Sudanese pregnant women

To stand on the role of human placental lactogen and its interconnection with cortisol in augmentation of glucose intolerance in pregnant women, a study was carried out on Sudanese pregnant women in the third trimester. There were no significant differences among the mean levels of fasting serum insulin of the studied groups [12.29 +/- 0.83 micro lU/ml [mean +/- S. E.], 14.93 +/- 2.17 and 12.39 +/- 2.52 for the GDM, IGT and control groups respectively, p = 0.27]. The 2h-serum insulin mean level of the IGT group was not significantly higher than that of the control group but significantly higher than that of the GDM group [68 +/- 6.71 vs 54.88 +/- 8.15 and 36.5 +/- 3.06 for the IGT, control and GDM groups respectively, p < 0.002]. Also, it was found that the GDM and the IGT groups have significantly higher mean levels of serum cortisol than that of the control group [33.71 + 2.86 [micro g/dl], 28.57 +/- 2.18 vs 21.48 +/- 1.11 respectively, p < 0.0003]. Results of serum hPL of the GDM and that of the IGT groups were not significantly higher than that of the control group [6.85 +/- 0.58 [micro g/ml] and 7.15 +/- 0.49 vs 5.73 +/- 0.24 respectively, p = 0.2]. Finally, it was concluded that insulin resistance in pregnancy is augmented by the effect of hPL and cortisol. When the insulin resistance is so large that pregnant women can not overcome it, glucose deterioration develops and some women become with impaired glucose tolerance while others develop gestational diabetes mellitus