ABSTRACT
Objective:To observe the clinical effect of Kangfuxin solution combined with Almagate suspension on the complication of gastroscope biopsy. Method:Totally 276 cases of chronic superficial gastritis gastroscope biopsy were divided into treatment group and control group randomly. Treatment group was treated by Kangfuxin solution combined with Almagate suspension，while the control group was given no precautionary measures as usual. Then the patients received the abdominal symptom score and fecal occult blood test（FOBT）after 1 week. Result:The cases with abdominal pain，burning sensation and stool occult blood in the control group were more than the treatment group significantly（P<0.05）. The patients' abdominal symptom score in control group was higher than that before the gastroscope biopsy，and that was lower in treatment group（P<0.05）. And the patients' abdominal symptom score of the control group was significantly higher than that of the treatment group after the gastroscope biopsy（P<0.05）. Compared with the Helicobacter pylori（HP）-infected subgroup，the incidences of early satiety and ventosity in the control group were higher than those of the treatment group（P<0.05）. The abdominal symptom score of the patients infected with helicobacter pylori（HP）in control group was significantly higher than that before the gastroscope biopsy and in the treatment group（P<0.05）. Conclusion:Kangfuxin solution combined with Almagate suspension is safe and effective in preventing complications of gastroscope biopsy，especially for patients infected with HP. The method could avoid exacerbating clinical symptoms.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Using MR T2-mapping and histopathologic score for articular cartilage to evaluate the effect of structural changes in subchondral bone on articular cartilage.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four male Beagle dogs were randomly divided into a subchondral bone defect group (n = 12) and a bone cement group (n = 12). Models of subchondral bone defectin the medial tibial plateau and subchondral bone filled with bone cement were constructed. In all dogs, the left knee joint was used as the experimental sideand the right knee as the sham side. The T2 value for articular cartilage at the medial tibial plateau was measured at postoperative weeks 4, 8, 16, and 24. The articular cartilage specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and evaluated using the Mankin score.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) in Mankin score between the bone defect group and the cement group at postoperative weeks 16 and 24. There was a statistically significant difference in the T2 values between the bone defect group and its sham group (P < 0.05) from week 8, and between the cement group and its sham group (P < 0.05) from week 16. There was significant difference in T2 values between the two experimental groups at postoperative week 24 (P < 0.01). The T2 value for articular cartilage was positively correlated with the Mankin score (ρ = 0.758, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Structural changes in subchondral bone can lead to degeneration of the adjacent articular cartilage. Defects in subchondral bone cause more severe degeneration of cartilage than subchondral bone filled with cement. The T2 value for articular cartilage increases with the extent of degeneration. MR T2-mapping images and the T2 value for articular cartilage can indicate earlycartilage degeneration.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Male , Bone Cements , Bone and Bones , Physiology , Cartilage, Articular , PhysiologyABSTRACT
<p><b>Background:</b>Limb-salvage surgery is the standard procedure for the treatment of appendicular osteosarcoma. Precise resection is the trend in limb-salvage surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate a large series of cases to identify the histological relationship between the tumor and marrow and determine the intramedullary transition type and width from the tumor to normal marrow in patients with osteosarcoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.</p><p><b>Methods:</b>One hundred and six osteosarcoma specimens were evaluated. The tissue specimens were sectioned through the coronal axis by an electronic saw. The tissue was immersed in formalin solution for fixation and subsequently decalcified. The interface between the tumor and normal bone marrow was grossly determined and submitted for microscopic evaluation to detect the relationship between the tumor and bone marrow and identify the transition type and width. All histological slides were examined by experienced orthopedic pathologists.</p><p><b>Results:</b>Histologically, the interface between the tumor and normal bone marrow was classified into two patterns: "clear" and "infiltrated." The clear pattern, characterized by a clear boundary between the tumor and marrow, was identified in sixty cases (56.6%). A subtype of the clear type, characterized by fibrous bands between the tumor and marrow, was found in 13 cases (12.3%). The infiltrated pattern, characterized by a boundary with tumor cell clusters embedded in the marrow, was found in 46 cases (43.4%). The infiltrating depth varied from 1 to 4 mm (mean, 2.6 ± 0.7 mm). No tumor cells were observed in the normal bone marrow areas next to the interface.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b>The transition from osteosarcoma tissue to bone marrow after neoadjuvant chemotherapy can be divided into two histological patterns: clear and infiltrated. The greatest infiltration width was 4 mm from tumor to normal marrow in this study. This depth should be considered in the presurgical plan.</p>
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the correlation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with histopathological changes, and to evaluate T2 mapping in assessing muscle trauma in a rabbit model of muscle injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We divided 35 rabbits into seven groups that each represented a different time point after intramuscular hemorrhage and muscle injury. Hemorrhage was created by injecting autologous blood into the left legs, and muscle injury was created by scalpel incision of the biceps femoris of the right legs. At different time points, the rabbits underwent T1-weighted imaging and T2-weighted imaging (T1WI and T2WI) and T2 mapping. T2 relaxation times were measured, and the corresponding samples were evaluated for pathological changes</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 2 h, the intramuscular hemorrhage model demonstrated an increased signal intensity on both T1WI and T2WI. Histological examination showed erythrocytes within the muscle bundle. On days 1 and 3, the MRI signals were decreased, and there were no significant changes after day 7. From 2 h to 3 days, the muscle-injury model showed a high signal on both T1WI and T2WI. Corresponding pathological changes included rupture and edema of muscle fibers, and inflammation. The abnormal signals were reduced on day 7. After day 14, the T2WI intensity remained high. T1WI showed no abnormal changes, but some models showed a high signal, representing fresh bleeding and fatty tissue. T2 relaxation times were significantly different between the central and marginal regions, and between the marginal and normal regions.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MRI clearly demonstrates intramuscular hemorrhage and muscle injury, which correlate well with histopathological changes. T2 mapping is useful in assessing the extent of injury.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Edema , Inflammation , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Muscle, SkeletalABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship of the histopathologic grade and extent of prostatic inflammation with the level of serum PSA in patients with type IV prostatitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We performed transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy for 120 patients suspected of prostate cancer and included in this study only those with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatitis (n = 46), excluding the cases with prostate cancer and those with BPH but no prostatitis. We evaluated the relationship between prostatic inflammation and serum PSA levels based on the three-grade pathohistologic criteria for the extent, location and aggressiveness of prostatic inflammation. The serum tPSA levels, fPSA levels, % fPSA, and PSAD were compared among different groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As for the extent of inflammation, 35 of the 46 included cases were grade I (tPSA: [8.46 +/- 4.09] microg/L; fPSA: [1.75 +/- 0.93] microg/L; PSAD: 0.15 +/- 0.11), 7 were grade II (tPSA: [15.26 +/- 5.26] microg/L; fPSA: [2.54 +/- 0.72] microg/L; PSAD: 0.26 +/- 0.07) and 4 were grade III (tPSA: [21.05 +/- 7.58] microg/L; fPSA: [3. 19 +/- 1.13] microg/L; PSAD: 0.42 +/- 0.19), with statistically significant differences among the three groups in the levels of tPSA (P = 0.001), fPSA (P = 0.008) and PSAD (P < 0.001). Regarding the location of inflammation, 19 cases were grade I, 17 were grade II and 10 were grade II, with no significant differences in tPSA, fPSA and %fPSA among the three grades (P > 0.05). As for the aggressiveness of inflammation, 32 cases were grade I (tPSA: [8.37 +/- 4.07] microg/L; fPSA: [1.76 +/- 0.93] microg/L; PSAD: 0.14 +/- 0.11), 10 were grade II (tPSA: [13.30 +/- 5.69] microg/L; fPSA: [3.27 +/- 2.21] microg/L ; PSAD: 0.25 +/- 0.06) and 4 were grade III (tPSA: [21.05 +/- 7.58] microg/L; fPSA: [3.19 +/- 1.13] microg/L; PSAD: 0.42 +/- 0.19), with statistically significant differences among the three grades in the levels of tPSA (P = 0.002), fPSA (P = 0.024) and PSAD (P < 0.001). The extent of inflammation was positively correlated with the levels of tPSA (r = 0.6, P < 0.001), fPSA (r = 0.5, P = 0.001) and PSAD (r = 0.6, P < 0.001), and so was the aggressiveness of inflammation (tPSA: r = 0.5, P < 0.001; fPSA: r = 0.4, P = 0.008; PSAD: r = 0.7, P < 0.001), but a negative correlation was found between the aggressiveness of inflammation and %fPSA (r = -0.4, P = 0.013).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The aggressiveness and extent of prostatic inflammation in asymptomatic prostatitis patients are significantly correlated with the level of serum PSA, which may help pathologists to avoid unnecessary repeated biopsies for patients with high-grade prostatitis.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Biopsy , Inflammation , Prostate , Pathology , Prostate-Specific Antigen , Blood , Prostatic Hyperplasia , Blood , Pathology , Prostatitis , Blood , Pathology , SerumABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical manifestations, radiologic findings, pathologic diagnosis and differential diagnosis of primary osteosarcoma in elderly patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twelve cases of primary osteosarcoma occurring in patients older than 60 years were encountered during the period from 1985 to 2010. The clinical manifestations, radiologic features and pathologic findings were studied and the follow-up data were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The sites of involvement included long bones (number = 7), ilium (number = 1), craniofacial bones (number = 2) and soft tissue (number = 2). Radiologic examination showed a mixture of osteosclerotic and osteolytic lesions in 10 patients, soft tissue lesions with high-density areas in 2 patients and soft tissue lesions with periosteal reaction in 8 patients. Histologically, most cases showed features of conventional osteosarcoma. There were 2 cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma-like osteosarcoma, 2 cases of chondroblastic osteosarcoma and 1 case of well-differentiated intraosseous osteosarcoma. Immunohistochemical study played little role in pathologic diagnosis. Ten patients had undergone amputation, including one patient who had received adjuvant chemotherapy beforehand. Nine patients had follow-up information available. Three of them died of lung metastasis and 1 died of cardiovascular disease.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Primary osteosarcoma rarely occurs in elderly patients and can easily be missed. Correlation with clinical, radiologic and histologic features is important for arriving at a correct diagnosis.</p>