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Objective@#To explore the effect of tanshinone IIA on neuronal apoptosis in the compressed spinal cord and its molecular mechanism by establishing a spinal cord compression model.@*Methods@#Twenty-four SD rats weighing 250-300 g were the experimental animals. The spinal cord compression model was established by clamping the spinal cord with arterial clamp. Six rats in each group were randomly selected and randomly divided into sham group (Sham group, given intraperitoneal injection of normal saline at the same dose once a day) and spinal cord compression injury group (SCI group, given normal salts). Water intraperitoneal injection, once a day), tanshinone IIA group (TAN group, 30 mg/kg tanshinone IIA intraperitoneal injection, once a day), LY2904002 group (LY group, 0.3 mg/kg LY294002 intraperitoneal injection, 5 min after 30 mg/kg tanshinone IIA intraperitoneal injection, once 1 d). After 3 d of intervention, the motor function of rats were evaluated by inclined plane test and BBB score. The expression of apoptotic genes and PI3K/AKT signaling molecules in the compressed spinal cord were detected by qPCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot.@*Results@#The BBB score 3.31±0.45 points, inclined angle 9.31°±1.02°, GSK-3β 0.35±0.06, CyclinD1 0.25±0.06, Bcl-2 0.38±0.06, p-PI3K 0.32±0.05, p-AKT 0.29±0.07 protein expression in SCI group were lower than those in Sham group. The protein expression of Caspase-9 3.27±0.54 and Caspase-3 2.73±0.35 in SCI group was higher than that in Sham group. The BBB score 9.31±1.02 points, inclined angle 24.95°±3.52°, GSK-3β 0.74±0.09, CyclinD1 0.69±0.11, Bcl-2 0.83±0.13, p-PI3K 0.77±0.11, p-AKT 0.69±0.08 in TAN group were higher than those in SCI group BBB score 3.31 ±0.45 points, inclined angle 9.31°±1.02°, GSK-3β 0.35±0.06, CyclinD1 0.25±0.06, Bcl-2 0.38±0.06, p-PI3K 0.32±0.05, p-AKT 0.29±0.07. The protein expression levels of Caspase-9 1.78±0.22 and Caspase-3 1.64±0.2 in TAN group were lower than those in SCI group 3.27±0.54 and Caspase-3 2.73±0.35. The BBB score, oblique angle and the expression of GSK-3β 0.43±0.07, CyclinD1 0.38±0.06, Bcl-2 0.49±0.09 in LY group were lower than those in TAN group. The protein expression of Caspase-9 2.54±0.38 and Caspase-3 2.25±0.37 in LY group were higher than TAN group.@*Conclusion@#Tanshinone IIA can inhibit the apoptosis of spinal cord tissue and alleviate the spinal cord injury in spinal cord compression rats by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Objective To explore the effect of tanshinone ⅡA on neuronal apoptosis in the compressed spinal cord and its molecular mechanism by establishing a spinal cord compression model.Methods Twenty-four SD rats weighing 250-300 g were the experimental animals.The spinal cord compression model was established by clamping the spinal cord with arterial clamp.Six rats in each group were randomly selected and randomly divided into sham group (Sham group,given intraperitoneal injection of normal saline at the same dose once a day) and spinal cord compression injury group (SCI group,given normal salts).Water intraperitoneal injection,once a day),tanshinone ⅡA group (TAN group,30 mg/kg tanshinone ⅡA intraperitoneal injection,once a day),LY2904002 group (LY group,0.3 mg/kg LY294002 intraperitoneal injection,5 min after 30 mg/kg tanshinone ⅡA intraperitoneal injection,once 1 d).After 3 d of intervention,the motor function of rats were evaluated by inclined plane test and BBB score.The expression of apoptotic genes and PI3K/AKT signaling molecules in the compressed spinal cord were detected by qPCR,immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results The BBB score 3.31±0.45 points,inclined angle 9.31°±1.02°,GSK-3β 0.35±0.06,CyclinD1 0.25±0.06,Bcl-2 0.38±0.06,p-PI3K 0.32±0.05,p-AKT 0.29±0.07 protein expression in SCI group were lower than those in Sham group.The protein expression of Caspase-9 3.27±0.54 and Caspase-3 2.73±0.35 in SCI group was higher than that in Sham group.The BBB score 9.31±1.02 points,inclined angle 24.95°±3.52°,GSK-3β 0.74±0.09,CyclinD1 0.69±0.11,Bcl-2 0.83±0.13,p-PI3K 0.77±0.11,p-AKT 0.69±0.08 in TAN group were higher than those in SCI group BBB score 3.31 ±0.45 points,inclined angle 9.31°±1.02°,GSK-3β 0.35±0.06,CyclinD1 0.25±0.06,Bcl-2 0.38±0.06,p-PI3K 0.32±0.05,p-AKT 0.29± 0.07.The protein expression levels of Caspase-9 1.78±0.22 and Caspase-3 1.64±0.2 in TAN group were lower than those in SCI group 3.27±0.54 and Caspase-3 2.73±0.35.The BBB score,oblique angle and the expression of GSK-3β 0.43±0.07,CyclinD1 0.38±0.06,Bcl-2 0.49±0.09 in LY group were lower than those in TAN group.The protein expression of Caspase-9 2.54±0.38 and Caspase-3 2.25±0.37 in LY group were higher than TAN group.Conclusion Tanshinone ⅡA can inhibit the apoptosis of spinal cord tissue and alleviate the spinal cord injury in spinal cord compression rats by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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BACKGROUND:The establishment of a safe, reliable and easily repeatable mouse model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the prerequisite for the study of the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. OBJECTIVE:To establish a C57BL/6 mouse model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and observe changes of biochemical indicators, which can provide a theoretical basis for its pathogenesis and drug treatment. METHODS:Sixty healthy male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a control group of 30 cases (normal diet), and a model group of 30 cases (high fat diet). Models of nonalcoholic fatty liver were established. At 8 weeks, body mass, liver index, and homogenate superoxide dismutase activity in the liver were detected. Changes in serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, triglyceride glycerol, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were observed. Pathological examination was performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Pathological sections showed that large droplets and smal lipid droplets in the mouse liver and spread the whole liver. Swel ing of the liver cel s, visible cytoplasmic vacuoles and obviously inflammatory changes in liver cel s were observed in the model group. (2) Body weight and liver index were significantly higher in the model group than in the control group (P<0.05). Superoxide dismutase activity was significantly reduced in the liver (P<0.05). (3) Triglycerides, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly higher, but high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the model group than in the control group (P<0.05). (4) Nonalcoholic fatty liver mouse model is ideal for high-fat diet-induced animal model. The method is simple, repetitive, and can provide a stable animal model for the study on the mechanism of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and drug treatment.
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Objective To investigate the role of rotational alignment reference landmarks of the proximal tibia in total knee arthroplasty.Methods Fifteen healthy adult volunteers were enrolled in this study,including 10 males and 5 females,aged from 21 to 38 years (average,28.1±6.0).CT scans of 26 knees were taken as the knees were placed in full extension.Two anteroposterior axes were drawn on the CT images:one line connected the middle of the posterior cruciate ligament insertion site and the medial edge of the patellar tendon,and another line connected the middle of the posterior cruciate ligament insertion site and the middle-medial 1/3 of the patellar tendon.The surgical epicondylar axis was also drawn on the CT images.Angles were measured between a line perpendicular to the surgical epicondylar axis and the two anteroposterior axes,and the angles were compared with the ideal tibial rotational alignment reference axis (0°).Results Angles between the line perpendicular to the surgical epicondylar axis and the line connecting the middle of the posterior cruciate ligament insertion site and the medial edge of the patellar tendon averaged 0.7°±2.8° (range,-5.1°-5.8°),there was no significant difference compared with 0°.Angles between the line perpendicular to the surgical epicondylar axis and the line connecting the middle of the posterior cruciate ligament insertion site and the middle-medial 1/3 of the patellar tendon averaged 6.9°±5.3° (range,-3.4°-14.1°),there was significant difference compared with 0°.Significant difference existed in angles between the two anteroposterior axes and the line perpendicular to the surgical epicondylar axis.Conclusion The line connecting the middle of the posterior cruciate ligament insertion site and the medial edge of the patellar tendon is a more reliable reference axis for the tibial component rotational alignment,which makes the femoral and tibial components in a more matching rotational position.
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[Objective]To explore the "acute angle" of femur,and evaluate the bone tunnel technique in posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.[Method]Using the porcine flexor digitorum tendon as graft,the author reconstructed posterior cruciate ligament.The bone tunnel was established with the angle of 80?,90?and 100?comparison the tunnel and intercondylar fossa of femur side wall,and press sensitive film was set between the edge of tunnel and graft.The pressure between was used to represent abrasion.The bigger the pressure was,the larger the abrasion was.The difference of pressure between bone tunnel technique group and the control group was compared.[Result]The pressure of angle 100?was lowest(3.55?0.21 MPa).And the pressure of burnishing group(3.29?0.19 MPa)was lower than that of the control group(3.55?0.21 MPa).[Conclusion]The bone tunnel technique can reduce the femoral;"acute angle" of femur in posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
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45.0?5.4)was higher than those who underwent omnidistance tourniquet technology.The incidence rate of hematoma and venous thrombus of lower extremity had no obvious difference.[Conclusion]The postoperative blood loss can be reduced and early postoperative clinical effect and affected limb function can be improved by halfway tourniquet technology for patients who underwent TKA.