ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of depression among middle school students in Tianjin , and to provide the evidence for making targeted prevention of depression. Methods In September 2019 and September 2020, the stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 32 380 middle school students in Tianjin for face-to-face questionnaire survey, which included the basic information , depressive symptoms , health status , life and behavior habits , injuries , and Internet addiction in the previous week. The χ2 test , t test, univariate and multivariate logistic stepwise regression were used to analyze the data. Results From 2019 to 2020, the prevalence of depression among middle school students in Tianjin was 20.48% , with higher prevalence in girls than in boys and higher prevalence in urban areas than in suburban areas. Multivariate regression results show that smoking, school bullying, parental abuse, Internet addiction , injury , urban area , female , sickness, anemia and sweets are risk factors for depression ; fruits , vegetables , breakfast , high Intensive exercise are protective factors. The OR ( 95%CI ) of depression of school bullying and parental beating and scolding were 4.71 ( 95%CI 3.84 -5.79) and 2.94 ( 95%CI 2.72 - 3.18); the OR ( 95%CI ) of depression of internet addiction students was 2.76 ( 95%CI 2.30 - 3.11); the OR ( 95%CI ) of depression in anemia students was 1.68 ( 95%CI 1.36 - 2.07); compared with non-smokers, the odd ratio(OR) ( 95%CI ) of depression for smoking less than 1 cigarette, 1-11 cigarette, and 11-20 cigarette per day were 1.83 ( 95%CI 0.75 - 2.44), 1.64 ( 95%CI 0.94 -2.84 ), 1.92 ( 95%CI 1.51 - 2.44), respectively; Conclusion The depression level of middle school students in Tianjin is in the middle, and the intervention should be interfered from many aspects, such as cultivating students' good living behavior habits and healthy body, providing good family atmosphere and campus environment.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the status and the relationship between obesity and high blood pressure in children and adolescents in Tianjin, and to provide a reference for the development of targeted prevention and control measures for high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Methods In September 2019, a stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 30 403 children and adolescents aged 7-17 from 94 primary and secondary schools in 16 districts in Tianjin. Height, weight and blood pressure were measured by standard methods. SPSS 24.0 was used for χ2 test, variance analysis and binary logistic regression. Results The detection rate of overweight in children and adolescents in Tianjin was 17.28%, including 19.32% in boys and 15.07% in girls. The detection rate of obesity in children and adolescents in Tianjin was 22.79%, including 27.20% in boys and 18.01% in girls. The detection rate of high blood pressure in children and adolescents in Tianjin was 20.88%, including 20.98% in boys and 20.77% in girls. The detection rates of high blood pressure in the normal BMI group, overweight group and obesity group were 14.03%, 23.41% and 36.95%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Compared to the normal BMI group, overweight and obesity were risk factors for high blood pressure in children and adolescents (OR=1.872, 95% CI:1.735~2.021; OR=3.598, 95% CI:3.366~3.827). Conclusion Overweight and obesity were important influencing factors for high blood pressure in children and adolescents aged 7-17 years. Controlling overweight and obesity is an important means to effectively cope with high blood pressure.