ABSTRACT
Multi-modal brain-computer interface and multi-modal brain function imaging are developing trends for the present and future. Aiming at multi-modal brain-computer interface based on electroencephalogram-near infrared spectroscopy (EEG-NIRS) and in order to simultaneously acquire the brain activity of motor area, an acquisition helmet by NIRS combined with EEG was designed and verified by the experiment. According to the 10-20 system or 10-20 extended system, the diameter and spacing of NIRS probe and EEG electrode, NIRS probes were aligned with C3 and C4 as the reference electrodes, and NIRS probes were placed in the middle position between EEG electrodes to simultaneously measure variations of NIRS and the corresponding variation of EEG in the same functional brain area. The clamp holder and near infrared probe were coupled by tightening a screw. To verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the multi-modal EEG-NIRS helmet, NIRS and EEG signals were collected from six healthy subjects during six mental tasks involving the right hand clenching force and speed motor imagery. These signals may reflect brain activity related to hand clenching force and speed motor imagery in a certain extent. The experiment showed that the EEG-NIRS helmet designed in the paper was feasible and effective. It not only could provide support for the multi-modal motor imagery brain-computer interface based on EEG-NIRS, but also was expected to provide support for multi-modal brain functional imaging based on EEG-NIRS.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To observe the outcomes of umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem call transplantation for treating neural function of multiple system atrophy (MSA) patients.METHODS:A total of 20 MSA patients were selected at the Beijing Wu Stem Cells Medical Center from January to October 2008.All patients received treatment of vessel distention,anti-free radical,trophic nerve and call membrane stabilization,as well as umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem call transplantation via intrathecal injection.Patients at left-lateral position,and body bent at hips,knees and necks.Acupuncture was conducted at the space of lumbar vertebra 3 and 4.Following local anesthesia,No.9 needle was directly pricked into the subarachnoid cavity.2 mg dexamethasone was slowly infused,and 5 mL (5×106 stem cells) umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stern call injection was obtained and slowly infused into the subarachnoid cavity within 10 minutes,once per week,four times as a course,totally one course.We adopted Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale (UMSARS) to evaluate those MSA patients.The higher score represented a severe pathogenetic condition.RESULTS:Compared with pretransplantation,the UMSARS score was significantly decreased in 20 patients 4 weeks follwing transplantation (P ＜ 0.01).After the treatment,patient's clinical symptoms such as slow movement,balance disturbance,orthostatic hypotension,urinary and bowel disorders had full obvious improvement.Graft versus host disease was not found.CONCLUSION:It is indicated that mesenchymal stem call transplantation is effective,can partly improve MSA patients' clinical symptoms,and improve patients' life quality.