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Objective To summarize the short and mid-term outcome of adult patient suffered with aortic stenosis and small aortic root treated by aortic root enlargement with supraannular prostheses replacement or supraannular prostheses replace-ment.Methods From January 2005 to January 2017, 223 patients with aortic stenosis and small aortic root who underwent i-solated aortic valve replacement(AVR) were included in this retrospective study cohort.Patients with aortic insufficiency who underwent isolated AVR or those who underwent combined valve replacement were excluded from the study cohort .Aortic root enlargement with supraannular prostheses replacement was performed in 98 patients(ARE), and supraannular prostheses re-placement was performed in the remaining 125 patients as a control group(SP).The mean age and other baseline characteristics were compared between the two group, except that body surface area(BSA) in ARE were higher than that in SP[(1.62 ± 0.04)m2 vs(1.61 ±0.04)m2, P=0.015].Results Operative mortality occurred in 6 patients(2.7%), the cause of death including low cardiac output syndrome(LCOS, 3 patients), multiple organ failure(MOF, 2 patients) and stroke(1 patient). Reoperation for bleeding occurred in 5 patients and acute renal failure in 9 patients, pneumonia in 5 patients.The other nonfa-tal operative complications included wound complication(8 patients), temporary pacing therapy(24 patients), and new onset of acute mitral regurgitation(1 patient).The operative mortality and nonfatal complication were not statistically different be-tween the two groups.Patients in ARE received more bioprotheses and iEOA was higher than those in SP .Transvalvular pres-sure gradients and incidence of patient-prostheses mismatch were lower in ARE.At the 2 years of follow-up, transvalvular pres-sure gradients and left ventricular mass index were statistically lower in ARE compared with SP .The iEOA of ARE was higher than that in SP(1.22 ±0.13 vs 0.87 ±0.13, P<0.01).However, during the mid-term follow up(mean duration of follow-up was 6.31years), the overall survival rate was not statistically different between the two groups.Conclusion The strategy of aortic root enlargement with supraannular prostheses to treat adult patients with aortic stenosis and small aortic root can provide more optimal hemodynamic effect , effectively avoid PPM and was not associated with increased risk of mortality or adverse event when compared with strategy of supraannular prostheses replacement.However, the mid-term survival rate was not statistically different between the two strategies.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the anxiolytic effect of Anshenfang granules (ASF), a compound traditional Chinese medicinal preparation, on anxiety in rats and the mechanism of its actions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Male Wistar rats with anxiety induced by chronic emotional stress were randomized to receive treatments with diazepam or ASF at high, medium or low doses. The behavioral changes of the rats were evaluated using plus-maze test, after which the rats in normal control group, model group, and medium AFS dose group were sacrificed to measure the hippocampal contents of glutamic acid and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); immunohistochemistry was employed to evaluate the expressions of GABAA receptor and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 (NMDAR1).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Plus-maze test showed obvious anxiety behaviors in the model group, which were significantly meliorated by diazepam and ASF, especially at the medium dose. Hippocampal glutamate levels increased and GABA decreased significantly in the model group, and such changes were obviously attenuated, by comparable amplitudes, by treatments with diazepam and medium-dose ASF. The model group showed significantly diminished GABAA receptor-positive cells and increased NMDAR1-positive cells, which were improved by diazepam and ASF at the medium dose.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ASF produces strong anxiolytic effect in rats by increasing the content of GABA in the brain, enhancing GABAA receptor expression, reducing glutamic acid content, and decreasing NMDAR1 expression.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Anti-Anxiety Agents , Pharmacology , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Glutamic Acid , Metabolism , Hippocampus , Metabolism , Rats, Wistar , Receptors, GABA , Metabolism , Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate , Metabolism , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effect of Modified Zhenxuan Granules (MZG) on blood pressure, synthesis and bioavail-ability of nitric oxide (NO), and plasma angiotensin I1 (Ang II) contents of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Methods Fiftymale SHR were randomly assigned to 5 groups: high-, middle-and low-dose MZG groups(at the doses of 37.50, 18. 70,and 9. 35 g/kg respectively), captopril (25 mg/kg) group and SHR control group. The rats received gastric gavage of corre-sponding medicine according to the experimental design for 12 weeks. Blood pressure from the tail was recorded at the beginning oftreatment and every 4 weeks during 12-weeks treatment. At the end of the experiment, the plasma NO and Ang II concentration,and aortal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and aortal cyclic guanylic acid (cGMP) concentration were measured. ResultsMZG could decrease blood pressure and plasma Ang I1 concentration, increase plasma NO content, and enhance aortal NOS activ-ity and cGMP concentration ofSHR (P <0. 05, compared with the SHR control group), and high-dose MZG had the best effect.After treatment for 12 weeks, high-dose MZG had a similar effect on decreasing blood pressure compared with captoril group,had a better effect on increasing aortal cGMP (P< 0. 05), and increased the bioavailability of NO. Conclusion MZG can de-crease blood pressure, and its mechanism may be related to the improvement of NO/NOS/eGMP system and the decrease of plas-ma Ang Ⅱ concentration in SHR.
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[Objective]To establish an HPLC method for the determination of magnolol and honokiol in Baolong Pill.[Methods]The samples were analyzed on an Agilent C18 column(4.6mm?250mm,5?m).The mobile phase was a mixture of MeOH-H2O (78∶22);the rate of flow was 1.0 m1/min;the detection wave-length was 294 nm.[Results]Calibration graph was linear in the range of 0.02~0.26?g,r= 0.999 9 for magnolol;0.012~0.156?g,r= 1 for honokiol.The recovery was 100.46%,RSD=1.00% for magnolol;100.76%,RSD=1.37% for honokiol.[Conclusion] The method is sensitive and its results are accurate with good reproducibility.It can be used for the quality control of Baolong Wan.
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It sums up characteristics and range of Bupleurum preparation in "Febrile Disease";centering on main line of Little Bupleurum Decoction and Bupleurum Cassia Twig Decoction,combining with Pro.Chen Baotian's experience and modern documentation,it expounds systemically from 3 points of indications,joint application and modern research review.
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Objective To investigate changes in the expression of 5-HT2A receptor mRNA and platelet membrane adhesion molecules in migraineurs during the periods of attack and intermittence therapy by Xinzhengtian Pill (XZTP). To study the interrelation between the expression of 5-HT2A receptor mRNA and platelet membrane adhesion molecules. Methods 68 patients were randomly divided into XZTP (therapy) group and Flunarizine (control) group. The RT-PCR method and the image pattern analysis semiquantitation method were used to determine the 5-HT2A receptor mRNA expression levels in the migraineur groups and the normal control group. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of whole blood platelet membrane adhesion molecules in those groups. The interrelation between the expression of 5-HT2A receptor mRNA and adhesion molecules was analysed. Results The total effect have show obvious difference between therapy group and control group. 5-HT2A receptor mRNA in the attack group was higher than that of the intermittence group and the normal group, and XZTP can reduce this expression. The expression of whole blood platelet membrane adhesion molecules had a higher increase during the periods of attack and intermittence, compared with the normal control group and XZTP. The 5-HT2A receptor mRNA expression level in the migraineur groups had a high positive correlation with CD41 and moderate positive correlation with CD62P. Conclusion 5-HT2A receptor mRNA and platelet membrane adhesion molecule expression level during the period of attack was significantly augmented and platelet activation was increased. XZTP maybe restrained the expression of above indexes and resulted in platelet activation reduced.
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Objective: To study the therapeutic method of treating hypertensive cerebral hemo rrhage and to evaluate the curative effects.Methods: Thirtynine cases (A group) with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage wer e treated wit h therapeutic method of internal medicine and other 40 cases (B group) treated with internal medicine combined with traditional Chinese herbs fed via gastric tube plus drawing hematoma through skull pun cture.Results:The cured rate (32.5%) and effective rate (90.0%) in B group were signific antly higher than those in A group (10.3％ and 46.2％ respectively) meanwhil e the complete obsorbsion and clearan ce time of hematoma were significantly shorter,and the complications were lesse r.Conclusions:The therapeutic method of traditional Chinese herb fed via gastro tube combined with drawing through skull puncture for treating hypertensive cere bral bleeding is easy to manipulate and worth spreading.