ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of linear measurements in the horizontal and vertical dimensions based on object position and slice inclination in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten dry sheep hemi-mandibles, each with 4 sites (incisor, canine, premolar, and molar), were evaluated when either centrally or peripherally positioned within the field of view (FOV) with the image slices subjected to either oblique or orthogonal inclinations. Four types of images were created of each region: central/cross-sectional, central/coronal, peripheral/cross-sectional, and peripheral/coronal. The horizontal and vertical dimensions were measured for each region of each image type. Direct measurements of each region were obtained using a digital caliper in both horizontal and vertical dimensions. CBCT and direct measurements were compared using the Bland-Altman plot method. P values <0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance.RESULTS: The buccolingual dimension of the incisor and premolar areas and the height of the incisor, canine, and molar areas showed statistically significant differences on the peripheral/coronal images compared to the direct measurements (P<0.05). Molar area height in the central/coronal slices also differed significantly from the direct measurements (P<0.05). Cross-sectional images of either the central or peripheral position had no marked difference from the gold-standard values, indicating sufficient accuracy.CONCLUSION: Peripheral object positioning within the FOV in combination with applying an orthogonal inclination to the slices resulted in significant inaccuracies in the horizontal and vertical measurements. The most undesirable effect was observed in the molar area and the vertical dimension.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) with that of parallel (PPA) and oblique projected periapical (OPA) radiography for the detection of different types of peri-implant bone defects.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty implants inserted into bovine rib blocks were used. Thirty had standardized bone defects (10 each of angular, fenestration, and dehiscence defects), and 10 were defect-free controls. CBCT, PPA, and OPA images of the samples were acquired. The images were evaluated twice by each of 2 blinded observers regarding the presence or absence and the type of the defects. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were determined for each radiographic technique. The 3 modalities were compared using the Fisher exact and chi-square tests, with P<0.05 considered as statistical significance.RESULTS: High inter-examiner reliability was observed for the 3 techniques. Angular defects were detected with high sensitivity and specificity by all 3 modalities. CBCT and OPA showed similar AUC and sensitivity in the detection of fenestration defects. In the identification of dehiscence defects, CBCT showed the highest sensitivity, followed by OPA and PPA, respectively. CBCT and OPA had a significantly greater ability than PPA to detect fenestration and dehiscence defects (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The application of OPA radiography in addition to routine PPA imaging as a radiographic follow-up method for dental implantation greatly enhances the visualization of fenestration and dehiscence defects. CBCT properly depicted all defect types studied, but it involves a relatively high dose of radiation and cost.
Subject(s)
Area Under Curve , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography , Dental Implantation , Dental Implants , Follow-Up Studies , Methods , Peri-Implantitis , Radiography , Radiography, Dental, Digital , Ribs , ROC Curve , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Objective: Congenital fusion of jaws is a rare disorder which is observed in infants and cab ne syndromic and non-syndromic. Limited mouth opening in patients can affect the child growth and cause difficulties in feeding, swallowing and breathing
Case: A In this study, a female infant from Afghanistan, settled in Qom referred to AlZahra maternity with upper and lower fusion jaws is reported. According to clinical and laboratory examinations, infant had no other disorders except the above said disease, and her jaw fusion was non-syndromic
Conclusion: Treatment of this disease in early stages not only is easier, but also can be effective in terms of child's growth and feeding; because in most cases TMJ ankylosis occurs due to the lack of mobility and loss of function which leads to difficulties in oral operations
ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: Cyclosporine-A [CsA] is commonly prescribed for kidney transplant patients to suppress their immune systems, which can lead to gingival enlargement [GE]. The present study aimed at determining the prevalence of associated factors with CsA-induced gingival enlargement in kidney transplant patients in Rasht during 2012
Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional research, information about kidney transplant patients was recorded in respective questionnaires after their examinations. Then, gingival enlargement and gingival index [GI] were divided into 4 degrees at 4 points and plaque index [PI] was recorded according to Oleary index. Finally, the obtained results were analyzed by means of SPSS Software [V:16], using Chi-square and T-Test
Results: Seventy-five renal transplant patients [31 women and 44 men] with the mean age 43.18 years [age range 18-73years] participated in this study. Gingival enlargement was diagnosed in 50% of the patients that had used cyclosporine. The average dosage of the drug was 179.6 mg. The increased prevalence of gingival enlargement was observed in the maxilla rather than in the mandible and more in the anterior than in the posterior parts of the jaws. Gingival enlargement was significantly correlated with GI and PI [P=0.01 and P=0.03, respectively]
Conclusion: PI and GI were higher in patients with gingival enlargement than patients without gingival enlargement. Thus, it is suggested that periodontal proper hygiene be done to prevent gingival enlargement