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1.
Rev. bras. hematol. hemoter ; 38(4): 302-309, Oct.-Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-829942

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: Cyclophosphamide plus thalidomide as induction for multiple myeloma patients eligible for autologous stem cell transplantation may be a limiting factor for cell mobilization. The minimum acceptable mobilized peripheral blood stem cell count to prevent deleterious effects during transplantation is 2.0 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg. Combining other treatments to granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, such as cyclophosphamide, could overcome the mobilization limitation. The objective of this study was to assess the number of CD34+ cells mobilized using granulocyte-colony stimulating factor with and without cyclophosphamide after induction with cyclophosphamide, thalidomide and dexamethasone. Methods: A retrospective study was performed of a cohort of multiple myeloma patients submitted to autologous stem cell transplantations at two Brazilian centers between May 2009 and July 2013. The oral cyclophosphamide and thalidomide induction doses used were 1500 mg/month and 100-200 mg/day, respectively. Mobilization doses were 10-15 mcg/kg granulocyte-colony stimulating factor with 2-4 g/m2 cyclophosphamide, or 15-20 mcg/kg granulocyte-colony stimulating factor alone for 5 days. Collection of >2.0 × 106 CD34+ cells/kg was considered sufficient. Results: Eighty-eight patients were analyzed; only 18 received cyclophosphamide. The median age was 58 years old (range: 51-62) for the granulocyte-colony stimulating factor group and 56.5 years old (range: 54-60) for granulocyte-colony stimulating factor plus cyclophosphamide group. Fifty-two patients were male. Eighty cases (90.9%) were Durie-Salmon Staging System III-A/B and 38 (44.7%) and 20 cases (23.5%) were International Staging System 2 and 3, respectively. The group that received cyclophosphamide collected a higher median number of progenitor cells [3.8 (range: 3.1-4.4) vs. 3.2 (range: 2.3-3.8)] (p-value = 0.008). No correlation was observed between better responses or number of induction cycles and the number of cells collected. Conclusion: The number of cells mobilized with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor plus cyclophosphamide was higher. However, in both groups, the median number of CD34+ cells was sufficient to perform a single autologous stem cell transplantation; no deleterious effects were reported during harvesting.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor , Bone Marrow Transplantation , Cyclophosphamide , Multiple Myeloma , Thalidomide , Transplantation, Autologous , Dexamethasone , Antigens, CD34
2.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 12(2): 204-210, Apr-Jun/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-713013

ABSTRACT

Objective To validate the minimal criteria of the histopathologic diagnosis of oral chronic graft-versus-host disease, based on the histopathologic classification of the National Institutes of Health and correlate them with clinical features. Methods Forty-one specimens containing both oral mucosa and salivary glands were analyzed in slides stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The histological specimens were blindly examined by two trained pathologists using criteria recommended for the histopathologic diagnosis of chronic graft-versus-host disease proposed by the National Institutes of Health Consensus. The clinical classification of chronic graft-versus-host disease was correlated with analysis of slides. Results: Our data showed that the epithelium was involved in 39/41 specimens, presenting acanthosis (29/70.7%), exocytosis of lymphocytes (29/70.7%), thickening of basal lamina (29/70.7%), and apoptosis (15/36.6%). Connective tissue presented interstitial inflammatory infiltrate (38/92.7%). Minor salivary glands showed periductal fibrosis (38/92.7%), mixed periductal inflammatory infiltrate (32/78%), ductal ectasia (30/73.2%), lymphocytes around and into acinar units (30/73.2%), and interstitial fibrosis (29/70.7%). The most common clinical manifestations were lichenoid aspect (40/97.6%), complaints of sensitivity to oral feeding (38/92.7%), and dry mouth sensation (36/87.8%). Conclusion This study validated the National Institutes of Health Consensus of minimal histologic criteria for diagnosis of oral chronic graft-versus-host disease and has not found an association between the severity of clinical manifestation and the histopathological stage. .


Objetivo Validar os critérios mínimos de diagnóstico histopatológico da doença do enxerto contra hospedeiro crônica oral, com base em critérios de classificação do National Institutes of Health, e correlacioná-los com as características clínicas. Métodos Quarenta e um espécimes contendo mucosa oral e glândulas salivares foram analisados em lâminas coradas por hematoxilina-eosina. Os espécimes histológicos foram avaliados de forma cega, por dois patologistas calibrados, utilizando os critérios recomendados para diagnóstico histopatológico de doença do enxerto contra hospedeiro crônica propostos pelo Consenso do National Institutes of Health. A classificação clínica da doença do enxerto contra hospedeiro crônica foi correlacionada após a análise das lâminas. Resultados Nossos resultados mostraram que o epitélio estava comprometido em 39/41 espécimes, apresentando acantose (29/70,7%), exocitose de linfócitos (29/70,7%), espessamento da lâmina basal (29/70,7%) e apoptose (15/36,6%). O tecido conjuntivo apresentou infiltrado inflamatório intersticial em 38 (92,7%) casos. Nas glândulas salivares menores, observaram-se fibrose periductal (38/92,7%), infiltrado inflamatório periductal misto (32/78%), ectasia ductal (30/73,2%), linfócitos em torno e migrando para dentro dos ácinos (30/73,2%), e fibrose intersticial (29/70,7%). As manifestações clínicas mais comuns foram mucosa de aspecto liquenoide (40/97,6%), queixa de sensibilidade bucal ao se alimentar (38/92,7%), e sensação de boca seca (36/87,8%). Conclusão Os critérios mínimos para o diagnóstico histopatológico da doença do enxerto contra hospedeiro crônica oral, com base no Consenso do National Institutes of Health, foram ...


Subject(s)
Humans , Graft vs Host Disease/pathology , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects , Salivary Gland Diseases/pathology , Biopsy , Chronic Disease , Consensus , Graft vs Host Disease/classification , Graft vs Host Disease/complications , Mouth Mucosa/pathology , National Institutes of Health (U.S.) , United States
3.
Rev. bras. hematol. hemoter ; 36(1): 19-24, Jan-Feb/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-703709

ABSTRACT

Background: Induction therapy followed by high-dose chemotherapy and autologous transplantation is the standard treatment for suitable patients with multiple myeloma. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess whether induction therapy with thalidomidecontaining regimens was associated with improved results compared to vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone, and whether cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, and dexamethasone were associated with better results than thalidomide and dexamethasone. Methods: The records of 152 patients who underwent autologous transplantation at this institution from August of 2004 to January of 2012 were reviewed, selecting those with at least partial response to a maximum of eight cycles of induction therapy and sufficient follow-up information for analysis. Results: This study included 89 patients; 44 were female, with a mean age of 55 years (there was a significant trend for increasing age over the years of the study).The median number of induction therapy cycles was four, again with a trend of increase over the years.At least a very good partial response to induction therapy was achieved more often in the cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, and dexamethasone group (61.1%) and in the thalidomide and dexamethasone group (59.2%) than in the vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone group (16.2%). The overall median progression-free survival was 34 months, with no statistically significant difference between the three groups. The overall median survival was not reached, and there was no significant difference between the three groups; the estimated five-year overall survival was 55%. Conclusion: Although the quality of responses appeared to be better with thalidomidecontaining regimens, these improvements did not translate into improved long-term outcomes. Given its track record, cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, and dexamethasone is currently considered the preferred regimen for first-line ...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cyclophosphamide , Induction Chemotherapy , Multiple Myeloma , Thalidomide , Transplantation, Autologous
4.
Clinics ; 66(11): 1855-1859, 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-605863

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: 1) To characterize the impact of multiple myeloma on the quality of life of patients treated in two public institutions in São Paulo State, Brazil, using a generic Short Form 36 Health Survey and a questionnaire specific for oncologic patients (QLQ-C30) upon diagnosis, after the clinical treatment, and at day +100 after autologous stem cell transplantation; 2) to evaluate whether autologous stem cell transplantation can improve the quality of life of our economically challenged population aside from providing a clinical benefit and disease control. METHODS: We evaluated 49 patients with multiple myeloma (a total of 70 interviews) using the two questionnaires. The scores upon diagnosis, post-treatment/pre-autologous stem cell transplantation, and at D+100 were compared using ANOVA (a comparison of the three groups), post hoc tests (two-by-two comparisons of the three groups), and paired t-tests (the same case at two different times). RESULTS: Of the included patients, 87.8 percent had a family budget under US $600 (economic class C, D, or E) per month. The generic Short Form 36 Health Survey questionnaire demonstrated that physical function, role-physical, and bodily pain indices were statistically different across all three groups, favoring the D+100 autologous stem cell transplantation group (ANOVA). The questionnaire specific for oncologic patients, the QLQ-C30 questionnaire, confirmed what had been demonstrated by the Short Form 36 Health Survey with respect to physical function and bodily pain, with improvements in role functioning, fatigue, and lack of appetite and constipation, favoring the D+100 autologous stem cell transplant group (ANOVA). The post hoc tests and paired t-tests confirmed a better outcome after autologous stem cell transplantation CONCLUSION: The questionnaire specific for cancer patients seems to be more informative than the generic Short Form 36 Health Survey questionnaire and reflects the real benefit of autologous stem cell transplantation in the quality of life of multiple myeloma patients in two public Brazilian institutions that provide assistance for economically challenged patients.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Budgets/statistics & numerical data , Multiple Myeloma/surgery , Quality of Life , Social Class , Stem Cell Transplantation , Brazil , Epidemiologic Methods , Multiple Myeloma/physiopathology , Transplantation, Autologous , Treatment Outcome
5.
Rev. bras. hematol. hemoter ; 32(supl.1): 115-124, maio 2010. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-554158

ABSTRACT

O transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas (TCTH) é um procedimento de fundamental importância na estratégia terapêutica das gamopatias monoclonais. No mieloma múltiplo, em particular, o TCTH autólogo está indicado como estratégia de primeira linha para pacientes até 70 anos de idade. Nesta capítulo serão discutidas as indicações, estratégias e recomendações envolvendo o TCTH em gamopatias monoclonais, amiloidose e POEMS, frutos da Reunião de Consenso da Sociedade Brasileira de Transplante de Medula Óssea.


Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an important strategy in the treatment of monoclonal gammopathies. For multiple myeloma, in particular, autologous HSCT is indicated as first line therapy for under 70-year-old patients. In this chapter we will discuss indications, strategies and recommendations involving HSCT for monoclonal gammopathies from the Consensus Meeting of the Brazilian Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Multiple Myeloma , Paraproteinemias
6.
Rev. bras. hematol. hemoter ; 32(supl.1): 91-96, maio 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-554159

ABSTRACT

Portadores de leucemia linfoide crônica (LLC) apresentam curso clínico indolente e prolongado que devem ser diferenciados daqueles que têm doença de evolução agressiva e fatal. Pacientes mais jovens e com critérios de alto risco podem se beneficiar com tratamento mais agressivo como o transplante de células-tronco hemopoéticas (TCTH). O transplante autólogo apresenta casos com remissão citogenética e molecular, baixa taxa de mortalidade, mas não demonstram platô nas curvas de sobrevivência e alta taxa de recaídas. Os transplantes alogênicos com regime mieloablativos têm altos índices de toxicidade e mortalidade, mas evidenciam o efeito enxerto versus leucemia, que aumenta a possibilidade de cura destes indivíduos. Assim, a opção dos transplantes alogênicos está dirigida para os transplantes com regime de condicionamento não mieloablativo, que pode ser aplicado inclusive a pacientes mais idosos ou portadores de comorbidades, e manter o potencial efeito GVL. A identificação dos pacientes que podem ser beneficiados por esses procedimentos, caracterizar e apontar os novos marcadores prognósticos permanece objeto de muitos estudos clínicos e foi o objetivo do grupo responsável em discutir as diretrizes do TCTH no consenso da Sociedade Brasileira de Transplante de Medula Óssea - SBTMO. Assim, consideramos que o TCTH para a leucemia linfoide crônica (LLC) deve seguir, para sua indicação, os critérios do European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) e, quando houver disponibilidade de um doador aparentado, a opção deve ser do TCTH alogênico com regime não mieloablativo. O TCTH alogênico não aparentado e o autólogo devem ser considerados como opção secundária de indisponibilidade de doador, situações especiais e ensaios clínicos.


Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia usually have an indolent and prolonged clinical course and need to be differentiated from those who have an aggressive and fatal disease. Younger patients with high-risk criteria may benefit with a more aggressive treatment that includes hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Autologous transplantation, despite of the encouraging results with cases of molecular and/or cytogenetic remission and low mortality rates, does not present a plateau in survival curves and has a high relapse rate. Allogeneic transplantations using myeloablative regimens, have high toxicity and mortality rates, but also demonstrate the graft-versus-leukemia effect that increases the possibility of cure of these individuals. So the option of allogeneic transplants for patients with CLL is directed to conditioning using non-myeloablative regimens, which can also be applied to older patients or those with comorbidities, and maintain a potential graft-versus-leukemia effect. The identification of patients who may benefit from these procedures and the characterization of new prognostic markers remain the subjects of many clinical studies and were the objective of the group responsible for discussing guidelines for CLL of the consensus on HSCT SBTMO. Thus we believe that HSCT for CLL should follow the criteria of the EBMT. When a sibling donor is available the best option is allogeneic HSCT with a myeloablative regimen. The strategy of unrelated allogeneic or autologous HSCT must be considered as a second option when no donor is available, for special situations and clinical trials.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive , Transplantation, Homologous
8.
São Paulo med. j ; 123(6): 266-270, Nov.-Dec. 2005. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-420117

ABSTRACT

CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: A daunorrubicina lipossomal tem sido usada no tratamento em várias doenças hematológicas malignas, incluindo mieloma múltiplo (MM). O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia, efeitos colaterais e toxicidade da daunorrubicina lipossomal and dexametasona no Protocolo DD. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo prospectivo, realizado nos hospitais Sírio Libanês, São Camilo, Brasil e no Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz. MÉTODOS: 20 pacientes com MM ativo receberam daunoxome (25-30 mg/m²/dia) por três dias consecutivos, mensal, por quatro meses (total de quatro ciclos), e dexametasona, 10 mg a cada seis horas por quatro dias consecutivos (dia 1 - 4, 9 - 12 e 17 - 20), também mensal. RESULTADOS: A mediana entre o diagnóstico e o início do protocolo DD foi de 13 meses. Quinze pacientes receberam alguma quimioterapia anterior ao protocolo DD. Uma redução maior que 50% do pico monoclonal sérico foi observada em seis paciente após o primeiro ciclo do DD (30%), em seis pacientes após o segundo ciclo (30%), em quatro pacientes após o terceiro ciclo (20%) e em quatro pacientes não houve redução (20%). No início do protocolo, 17 pacientes (85%) apresentavam anemia e em 12 destes pacientes (70%) a anemia foi corrigida. Doença progressiva foi observada em três pacientes (15%), um apresentava resposta mínima, quatro pacientes (20%) apresentaram resposta parcial e 12 (60%) apresentaram resposta completa. A toxicidade hematológica foi aceitável.Toxicidade em trato gastrointestinal foi leve, consistindo em náusea (10%) e anorexia (15%), sem episódios de vômito. CONCLUSÃO: Este tratamento apresentou uma baixa toxicidade, uma boa taxa de resposta e pode ser usado previamente ao transplante de medula óssea autogênico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage , Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy , Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/administration & dosage , Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/adverse effects , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects , Daunorubicin/administration & dosage , Daunorubicin/adverse effects , Dexamethasone/administration & dosage , Dexamethasone/adverse effects , Drug Administration Schedule , Liposomes/administration & dosage , Liposomes/adverse effects , Multiple Myeloma/pathology , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Paraproteins/analysis , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
9.
Bol. Soc. Bras. Hematol. Hemoter ; 16(167): 267-70, set.-dez. 1994. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-201495

ABSTRACT

O emprego de quimioterapia em tumores de alta replicaçäo celular é responsável pela liberaçäo de constituintes celulares, que podem levar a sérias alteraçöes metabólicas. Estas alteraçöes compreendem distúrbios no metabolismo do: potássio, cálcio, fosfato, uréia e ácido úrico; que caracterizam a SINDROME de LISE TUMORAL AGUDA (SLTA). No período de 29/03/93 a 23/08/93, foram estudados 20 pacientes com hemopatias malignas, com indicaçäo de tratamento poliquimioterápico. Estes pacientes receberam hiper-hidrataçäo com 2000ml/m2 de soluçäo fisiológico 0,9 por cento e alopurinol 200mg/m2 iniciando-se no dia anterior até o último dia de quimioterapia. O diagnóstico de SLTA foi considerado nos pacientes que nos 4 dias do tratamento, apresentaram duas ou mais das seguintes alteraçöes metabólicas: aumento de 25 por cento nos níveis de potássio, ácido úrico, uréia e fosfato; ou diminuiçäo de 25 por cento no nível de cálcio sérico. A SINDROME DE LISE TUMORAL AGUDA CLINICA (SLTAC), foi definida como SLTAC, associada a condiçöes clínicas que implicassem em risco de vida nenhum dos nossos pacientes apresentou SLTAC e apenas 30 por cento desenvolveram SLTAL, demonstrando que este esquema de tratamento foi efetivo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Hodgkin Disease/pathology , Leukemia, Myeloid/pathology , Leukemia/pathology , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/pathology , Tumor Lysis Syndrome/epidemiology , Uric Acid/metabolism , Acute Disease , Calcium/metabolism , Hodgkin Disease/metabolism , Hodgkin Disease/drug therapy , Fluid Therapy , Incidence , Leukemia, Myeloid/drug therapy , Leukemia, Myeloid/metabolism , Leukemia/drug therapy , Leukemia/metabolism , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/metabolism , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/drug therapy , Phosphates/metabolism , Potassium/metabolism , Tumor Lysis Syndrome/drug therapy , Urea/metabolism
10.
Bol. Soc. Bras. Hematol. Hemoter ; 14(161): 275-9, set.-dez. 1992. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-201455

ABSTRACT

O prognóstico de pacientes com linfoma maligno refratário ou recorrente é ruim. Para melhorar a resposta ao tratamento destes pacientes, um esquema terapêutico com IMVP-Bleo (ifosfamida e mesna, metotrexato, etoposídeo, bleomicina) foi administrado. Dos 18 pacientes tratados, 16 apresentavam linfoma nao-Hodgkin (LNH), 13 de grau intermediário e 3 de baixo grau; 2 pacientes apresentavam doença de Hodgkin (DH). Todos pacientes receberam qumioterapia prévia, sendo que 8 apresentaram recidiva e 10 foram refratários ao tratamento de primeira linha. A taxa de resposta global obtida foi de 83,3 por cento, com 55,6 por cento de remissäo completa (RC) e 27,8 por cento de remissäo parcial (RP). Embora o tempo de estudo seja curto, nossos resultados indicam uma boa efetividade deste protocolo, como terapêutica de resgate com toxicidade aceitável. Baseado em vários estudos que mostram uma boa resposta e tolerabilidade ao esquema IMVP-Bleo; sabendo-se que o tratamento de resgate nunca é täo efetivo como o de primeira linha, e que qualquer esquema de resgate pode ser testado como primeira linha; parece razoável que este esquema possa ser introduzido como parte do tratamento de primeira linha para pacientes portadores de linfoma com fatores prognósticos desfavoráveis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use , Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating/therapeutic use , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use , Bleomycin/therapeutic use , Hodgkin Disease/drug therapy , Etoposide/therapeutic use , Ifosfamide/therapeutic use , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/drug therapy , Methotrexate/therapeutic use , Drug Therapy, Combination , Recurrence
11.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-94880

ABSTRACT

A ultra-sonografia cervical tem sido realizada rotineiramente em pacientes protadores de linfomas malignos, objetivando a deteccäo, localizaçäo e delimitaçäo de linfonodos cervicais, demonstrando-se importante método propedêutico, principalmente em relaçäo a infiltraçäo de estruturas adjacentes, tais como vasos e musculatura cervicais. Näo foi possível estabelecer diagnóstico diferencial entre linfadenopatias benignas e malignas. A correta avaliaçäo cervical mostrou-se fundamental no diagnóstico, estadiamento e terapêutica de pacientes portadores de linfomas malignos, levando-se em consideraçäo que o exame fisico deixa muito a desejar e à tomografia cervical computadorizada näo foi possível avaliar o diâmetro longitudinal dos linfonodos e diferenciar as estruturas adjacentes, especialmente os vasos


Subject(s)
Humans , Hodgkin Disease/pathology , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/pathology , Neck , Ultrasonics
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