An integrated treatment approach: a case report for dentinogenesis imperfecta type II.

Dentinogenesis imperfecta type II or hereditary opalscent dentin is one of the most common autosomal dominant anomaly of dentin that occurs in both sex affecting approximately 1:8000 persons. Clinically this disorder is characterized by variable blue gray to yellow brown teeth, with fracture of enamel and excessive wear. The treatment strategy is focused towards protecting teeth from further wear and tear and total oral rehabilitation of patient with paramount importance to aesthetics, obtaining an appropriate vertical dimension and providing soft tissue support which will help to return the facial profile to a more normal appearance. A multidisciplinary treatment planning is required for treatment of these individuals.

Retrieval of a separated file using Masserann technique: a case report.

The separated instrument particularly a broken file leads to metallic obstruction, in the root canal and blocks thorough cleaning and shaping procedure. When attempts of bypassing such a fragment go in vain, it should be retrieved by mechanical devices. Masserann Kit is one such device for orthograde removal of intracanal metallic obstructions. This clinical case demonstrates usage of Masserann technique in successful retrieval of a separated file which was tightly binding in the apical 3rd root canal dentin of maxillary left lateral incisor.

Tonsillar microbial flora: a comparison of infected and non-infected tonsils.

OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study was to find out the most common organism affecting the tonsils in recurrent tonsillitis. METHODOLOGY: This was a prospective study consisting of total number of 50 patients, conducted in the ENT department of Dhulikhel Hospital, KUTH, Dhulikhel, Nepal. The study period was one year and three months (March 2004 to April 2005). RESULTS: Total numbers of 50 patients were selected, of which 32 were of acute tonsillitis and 18 were taken as control. Among these males were 32 and females were 18. The age group was from 3 years to 64 years. Throat swabs of patients were taken by aseptic method and were sent to the laboratory immediately. Among the infected tonsils the most common organism was Streptococcus viridans followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis. The third most common was Beta haemolytic streptococci whereas Micrococcus was not isolated in any of the infected samples. Likewise in non-infected tonsils, the most common organism isolated was again Streptococcus viridans followed by Micrococcus and Diptheroids. In these specimen no Beta haemolytic streptococci was isolated from the control group. CONCLUSION: Thus, the study is able to put forward the fact that most common organism affecting the tonsils in infected as well as non- infected state is Streptococcus viridans. Where as Beta haemolytic streptococci was not found in non-infected tonsils, likewise Micrococcus was not found in infected tonsils.

Anatomical variation of maxillary sinus mimicking a periapical cyst: a case report.

Maxillary sinus can pose diagnostic dilemma radiographically because of its anatomical variation which can mimic a periapical pathosis. This case report deals with one such diagnostic problem, where a maxillary sinus was interpreted in an intraoral periapical radiograph as a periapical cyst. With the advances in imaging techniques, the use of an Ultrasound imaging together with application of Colour Power Doppler helped in revealing the contents of the radiolucent area and come up with an accurate diagnosis. Thus a thorough knowledge about the normal anatomy and its variations and proper diagnostic aids are essential in the diagnosis of periapical pathology.

Clinical profile of typhoid patients.

OBJECTIVE: The present study was undertaken to determine the clinical profile of typhoid fever in hospitalised patients. DESIGN: Prospective cross-sectional study. SETTING: Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital. METHOD: Total of thirty patients above fifteen years of age who had clinical features strongly suggestive of typhoid fever and on blood culture found to be positive for Salmonella typhi were analysed for clinical features. RESULT: Among total of thirty cases, there were 17 (57%) males and 13 (43%) females. 86% of cases of typhoid fever clustered around 15-30 years of age. Predominant symptoms were fever (100%), headache (90%), abdominal Pain (37%) and constipation (33%). Common clinical signs were splenomegaly (37%), relative bradycardia (27%) and hepatomegaly (17%). None of the patients presented with complications. CONCLUSION: The clinical profile of typhoid fever in our study revealed not much difference from that of other studies on typhoid fever. Rose spots were not noticed and we did not find a single case of complication of typhoid fever. Probably early initiation of antibiotics prevented the complications.