ABSTRACT
Some evidence has shown a relationship between primary human cytomegalovirus [CMV] infection and pregnancy loss. The impact of CMV infection reactivation during pregnancy on adverse pregnancy outcomes is not completely understood. It is proposed that altered immune response, and therefore, recurrence or reactivation of latent CMV infection may relate to recurrent spontaneous abortion [RSA]; however, few data are available in this regard. To find out about any cell mediated defect and reactivation of latent CMV infection in women with RPL, cellular immunity to the virus has been evaluated by specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte [CTL] response to CMV. In a case control study, CTL CD107a expression and intercellular IFN-gamma production in response to CMV pp65 antigen and staphylococcus enterotoxin B [SEB] in women with RSA were assessed by flow cytometric analysis. Forty-four cases with history of recurrent pregnancy and forty-four controls with history of successful pregnancies were included. The FACSCaliber flow cytometer were used for analysis. No significant difference was observed between CD107a expression and IFN-gamma production in response to CMV PP65 antigen in RPL patients and control group. However, the cytotoxic response to SEB antigen in patients with RPL was significantly lower than control group [p=0.042]. The results of this study show that impaired CD107a expression and IFN-gamma production as CTL response to CMV does not appear to be a major contributing and immune incompetence factor in patients with RPL, but cytotoxic T cell response defect to other antigens requires to be assessed further in these patients