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1.
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa) ; 16(2): 183-188, jun. 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-836537

ABSTRACT

Las pocas comunicaciones sobre la asociación de obesidad o sobrepeso con mortalidad en personas con enfermedad coronaria (EC) muestran hallazgos contradictorios. En el estudio Whitehall –en el que participaron empleados gubernamentales de sexo masculino de Londres–, 18 403 hombres de mediana edad que habían participado en un examen médico entre 1967 y 1970 fueron controlados durante 38 años. En los hombres que presentaban EC al inicio hubo pruebas de un riesgo ligeramente mayor de mortalidad por todas las causas y por EC, pero no por accidente cerebrovascular en los grupos con sobrepeso y obesidad en relación con los hombres de peso normal. Aunque estas tendencias fueron mucho más notables en los hombres sin EC al inicio del estudio, la diferencia según el estado basal de EC no alcanzó significación estadística en los niveles convencionales. Evitar la obesidad y el sobrepeso en la vida adulta tanto en hombres con EC como sin ella puede reducir el riesgo posterior de mortalidad total y mortalidad por cardiopatía coronaria.


The few reports on the association of obesity oroverweight with mortality in persons with existing coronary heart disease (CHD) reveal inconsistent findings.In the Whitehall study of London-based male government employees, 18 403 middle-age men were followed upfor up for a maximum of 38 years having participated in a medical examination between 1967 and 1970. In menwith baseline CHD, there was evidence of a modestelevated risk for mortality from all-causes and coronaryheart disease but not stroke in overweight and obesegroups relative to normal weight men. While these slopeswere markedly steeper in men who were CHD-free atstudy induction, the difference in the gradients accordingto baseline CHD status did not attain statistical significance at conventional levels. Avoidance of obesity and overweight in adult life in both men with and without CHD may reduce their later risk of total and coronary heart disease mortality.


Subject(s)
Coronary Disease , Obesity , Overweight , Blood Glucose , Body Weight , Cholesterol , Mortality
2.
Cad. saúde pública ; 24(supl.2): s353-s359, 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-487401

ABSTRACT

Associação da obesidade com doenças crônicas tem se mostrado mais intensa nas áreas carentes. Examinamos o efeito de um programa de exercício físico para crianças com excesso de peso, em uma favela do Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil, por meio de um ensaio comunitário, randomizado, com 78 crianças. Um grupo (n = 39) recebeu três aulas semanais de exercícios físicos durante seis meses. Não foi realizada nenhuma intervenção em relação à alimentação. A análise por intenção de tratamento demonstrou que todas as crianças apresentaram aumento significativo de peso. Entretanto, esse aumento foi menor no grupo que sofreu a intervenção (diferença média entre os grupos; -1.37; IC95 por cento: -2,00; -0,74). Em relação ao índice de massa corporal (IMC), também foi verificada uma diferença significativa (p = 0,049) entre os dois grupos (diferença média entre os grupos; -0,53; IC95 por cento: -1,06; -0,002). Na análise restrita às crianças que completaram o estudo (intervenção = 30 e controle = 38), os resultados foram similares. Concluímos que um programa regular de exercícios físicos para crianças com excesso de peso em áreas carentes seja eficaz, sem a necessidade de intervenções dietéticas, na redução do ganho ponderal e do IMC.


Given the increase in obesity in developed and developing countries and its concomitant morbidity, successful treatment approaches are needed. We examined the effect of a structured exercise intervention in overweight children in a slum in Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil. This was a randomized, controlled efficacy trial. Seventy-eight children were randomized. Exercise was supervised, consisting of three 50' group aerobics sessions per week for six months. All participants maintained ad libitum diets. Based on intention-to-treat analyses, children in both groups had a significant increase in weight at follow-up (p-value for within-group increase < 0.01). The increase in weight was significantly lower in the exercise group (mean difference between groups; -1.37; 95 percentCI: -2.00; -0.74). A significant difference (p = 0.049) between the exercise and control groups at six-month follow-up was also found for BMI (mean difference between groups; -0.53; 95 percentCI: -1.06; -0.002). When we restricted the analyses to children who completed the trial (intervention = 30 and control = 38), the results were the same. An exercise program for children, sustained for six months, was effective for reducing weight gain in overweight children living in a very poor neighborhood.


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Exercise/physiology , Health Education/methods , Obesity/prevention & control , Poverty Areas , Body Height , Body Mass Index , Body Weight , Brazil , Health Promotion , Physical Education and Training/methods , Physical Education and Training/standards
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