ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetes mellitus [DM] is rapidly becoming one of the main health issues among humans in the 21[st] century. The increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes has been observed as a global public health problem in children and adolescents. This work was conducted aimed to estimate the prevalence of type I diabetes and to describe some related characteristics of cases in a sample of adolescent primary and secondary school girls of Riyadh city, KSA
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during the academic year 2016-2017. Data were collected via a predesigned and pretested questionnaire to gather the relevant data. The total number of participants was 154 adolescent girls
Results: The overall prevalence of type I diabetes among the studied adolescent girls was 5.2% with Mean[ +/- SD] age was 14.08 [ +/- 3.4]. All diabetic girls were Saudi. Only 25% of the cases were using a hormonal contraception. No smoking history or other chronic diseases was detected among them
Conclusion: The present study establishes the prevalence of type 1 DM among Saudi adolescent girls to be 5.2%. We suggest repeating this study periodically, with concentration on the various possible etiological and risk factors. Also we recommend conducting similar studies in other areas of Saudi Arabia to get more information about Diabetes. Awareness campaigns and continuous medical education is of utmost importance to detect the disease to guard against development of complications
ABSTRACT
The world's population is aging and the number of people who are >/= 60 years old increased worldwide. The elderly population is susceptible to various benign and malignant diseases. Gastrointestinal diseases are among the common health problems that affect the elderly
Aim of the study: to identify the pattern of gastrointestinal diseases among elderly patients in Arar city [KSA] and the relation with gender in the study population
Subjects and methods: a cross sectional study was conducted in five randomly selected primary healthcare centers in Arar city [KSA], from September 2016 to March 2017. It included 118 elderly patients. A questionnaire was designed for data collection about socio-demographic variables, smoking, BMI, chronic diseases and types of gastrointestinal diseases among participants
Results: findings showed that all participants suffered from dental problems and 24.6% had gum problems. Other diseases affected various proportions of the studied elderly population including loss of appetite, gastric regurgitation, chronic constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, chronic colitis, peptic and duodenal ulceration, liver cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, cholecystitis, gall stones, pills, anal fissure and GIT tumors. Statistically significant differences were found between males and females regarding having piles, gall stones and anorexia. On contrary, all other GIT diseases showed insignificant differences between males and females
Conclusion: different types of GIT diseases were found among the participants with varying rates. Significant gender differences were observed in some diseases [piles, gall stones and loss of appetite] while most of the studied GIT diseases showed insignificant differences between both sexes