ABSTRACT
Malnutrition is a prevalent complication in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Malnutrition-inflammation score [MIS], comprehensive nutritional assessment tool, as the reference standard was used to examine protein-energy wasting [PEW] and inflammation in hemodialysis patients. In this descriptive- analytical study, 48 hemodialysis patients were selected with random sampling. All the patients were interviewed and the MIS of the patients was recorded. This new comprehensive Malnutrition-Inflammation Score [MIS] which involves 7 components from the SGA and the 3 additional non-SGA components of body mass index, serum albumin, and total iron-binding capacity [TIBC] has 10 components, each with four levels of severity, from 0 [normal] to 3 [very severe]. These scores were compared with anthropometric measurements; laboratory measures. Data was analyzed with Chi-square and t-tests and Pearson correlation coefficiant. In this study 25% of patients on hemodialysis were normal nourished, 54.3% of patients were mild malnourished, 20.8% were moderately malnourished and no one of them were not sever malnurished. Pearson correlation coefficients between MIS score and age [r=+0.332] was significant. There was no correlation between the malnutrition score and sex Chi-square test showed significant correlation between MIS score and dialysis period >/=50 months [chi[2]=9.09]. In this study, no one of patients has severed malnutrition, and most of them were assigned to the mildly/moderately malnourished rating. On other hand, most of patients are the well-nourished. Correlation between MIS score and age and dialysis period was significant
ABSTRACT
Prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition [PEM] is one of the important problems of third-world countries including Iran. This study assessed nutritional status and some related factors among children aged 0-5 years in Bandar Turkmen district. In this cross-sectional study, 616 children aged less than 5 years were selected with stratified random sampling. Malnutrition was defined as <-2 SD National Center for Health Statistics [NCHS] reference [weight for age, weight for height and height for age respectively]. Obesity was defined as > +2 SD NCHS reference. Data were collected by interview with mothers and were analyzed with SPSS-11.5 software. In this study, prevalence of underweight, wasting and stunting and obesity were 3.7, 3.9, 7 and 6% respectively. Exclusively breastfeeding, mother's BMI, mother's weight and parental educational and economic status had significant correlation with children's PEM [p<0.05]. Birth weight <2500 g and >4000 g [p=0.031], breast feeding duration <18 months [p=0.017], mother's present age >/=37 years [p=0.039], mother's delivery age >30 years [p=0.043] and formula or cow's milk plus breast feeding up to 6 months old [p=0.018] had significant correlation with children's obesity. In multivariate analysis on logistic regression, mother's nutritional knowledge [OR=11.22, p=0.001] was most important risk factor for PEM. Exclusively breast feeding up to 6 months of age rather than formula or cow's milk plus breast feeding, reduced 2.45 times obesity risk [p=0.019]. We conclude that breast feeding at first 6 months of age, longer breast feeding duration and pregnancy in lower than 30 years of age reduce risk of child nutritional status