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ObjectiveTo determine the death level and change trend of malignant tumors among residents in Yuyao， and to provide support for accurate prevention and control of malignant tumors. MethodsWe collected the death monitoring data of Yuyao registered residents from 2014 to 2021， and calculated the indicators， including crude mortality rate （CMR）， standardized mortality rate （SMR）， potential years of life lost （PYLL）， average years of life lost （AYLL）， and PYLL rate （PYLLR）. We also calculated the average annual change percentage （AAPC） using Joinpoint regression model. ResultsThere were 13 754 deaths from malignant tumors in Yuyao from 2014 to 2021， accounting for 26.54% of the total deaths in the same period. The average annual mortality rate was 205.63/105， and the standardized mortality rate was 115.62/105. The SMR showed a downward trend in 8 years （AAPC=-4.76%， t=-2.296， P=0.061）. The average annual mortality of malignant tumors was 274.15/105， and the standardized mortality was 149.83/105. The average annual mortality of female malignant tumors was 139.03/105， the standardized mortality was 81.01/105. Male mortality was higher than the female mortality （χ2=1 487.389， P<0.001）.The mortality rate of malignant tumors increased with age （AAPC=54.94%，t=27.678，P<0.001）. The mortality rate of malignant tumors in different age groups showed a downward trend in 8 years （AAPC=-5.74% for 0- years old group， -8.49% for 15- years old group， -6.02% for 45- years old group， and -3.49% for ≥65 years old group）. The top five causes of death from malignant tumors in residents were lung cancer， gastric cancer， liver cancer， esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer， accounting for 68.15% of all deaths from malignant tumors. Lung cancer ranked first among the causes of death from male and female malignant tumors. PYLL caused by malignant tumor death was 96 585.50 person years， AYLL was 7.02 years per person ， and PYLLR was 16.42‰. ConclusionThe mortality rate of malignant tumors among registered residents in Yuyao is on the decline， but it is still the primary death cause threatening the residents. Lung cancer is the malignant tumor that causes the greatest loss of life. It is urgent to build a comprehensive intervention system for malignant tumors that focuses on men， middle-aged and elderly people， advocate a healthy lifestyle， and combine early screening and reasonable treatment to block disease progress.
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OBJECTIVE To prepare Neuritic acid oral emulsion ，to optimize its formulation and preparation technology ，and to investigate its stability. METHODS Neuritic acid oral emulsion was prepared by mechanical method. On the basis of single factor experiment ，the appearance ，centrifugal stability ，centrifugal stability constant （Ke）and particle size of the emulsion as indexes，the formulation was optimized by orthogonal design ，taking the dosage of oleic acid ，octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-10 and propylene glycol as factors ，the preparation technology was optimized by taking emulsification temperature ，shear time，pressure of high-pressure homogenization and cycle times of high-pressure homogenization as factors. The content of neuritic acid was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The stability of Neuritic acid oral emulsion was investigated by high temperature test ，accelerated test and long-term test. RESULTS The optimal formulation and preparation technology were as follows：neuritic acid of 1 g，oleic acid of 5％ ，octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether- 10 of 4％ ，propylene glycol of 2％ ， emulsification temperature of 60 ℃ ，shear time of 2 min，homogenization pressure of 40 MPa and cycle times of twice. After three experiments ，the average particle size of Neuritic acid oral emulsion was 158.05 nm（RSD＝1.58％，n＝3），the average Ke was 0.39（RSD＝1.49％，n＝3），and the appearance was uniform milky white ，there was no stratification. The results of high temperature test showed that Neuritic acid oral emulsion was prone to stratification in high temperature environment ，and the content of neuritic acid increased. The results of accelerated test and long-term test showed that there was no significant change in the appearance or the content of neuritic acid when Neuritic acid oral emulsion was placed at room temperature for 6 months. CONCLUSIONS The formulation and preparation technology are stable and feasible ，and can be used for the preparation of Neuritic acid oral emulsion. Neuritic acid oral emulsion should not be placed in high temperature environment. It has good stability at room temperature for 6 months.
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Objective@#To investigate the underlying influential factors related to emotional overeating behavior among college students,and to provide a reference for formulating intervention strategies for prevention of unhealthy eating behavior of college students.@*Methods@#A questionnaire designed based on the social ecosystem theory was used to assess the potential influential factors of at personal, social, physical and macro level emotional overeating behavior of 2 045 college students. The Emotional Overeating Questionnaire was used to measure the frequency of emotional overeating behavior among normal weight college students. Binary Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the association between dietary norms and the influence emotional overeating behaviors.@*Results@#In the full adjusted model, dietary norms (OR=1.28,95%CI=1.16-1.41)，emotion scale (OR=1.46, 95%CI=1.24-1.73) and close friends attitude(OR=0.75, 95%CI=0.59-0.95)were associated with emotional overeating behaviors. Sex, urban and rural origin, monthly living expenses, parental attitude, distance to frequent fast food restaurants outside the school, and the unmarked proportion of nutritional content and calorie information on food packaging were not associated with emotional overeating behaviors (P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#Dietary norms and emotion scale might increase the risk of motional overeating, close friends attitude might reduce the risk of emotional overeating. For reducing the frequency of unhealthy eating behavior, our results implied that 1) it s necessary to improve mental health of the college students; strengthening health education in order to make them distinguish the unhealthy dietary norms is important; peer education might be effective.
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A software and hardware platform for gait simulation and system evaluation for lower limb intelligent prosthesis is proposed and designed, in order that the wearable symmetry effect of the intelligent knee prosthesis can be quantitatively analyzed by machine test instead of human wear test. The whole-body three-dimensional gait and motion analysis system instrument, a device to collect gait data such as joint angle and stride of adults, was used for extracting simulated gait characteristic curve. Then, the gait curve was fitted based on the corresponding joint to verify the feasibility of the test platform in the experiment. Finally, the developed artificial knee prosthesis was worn on the prosthetic evaluation system to quantitatively analyze the gait symmetry effect. The results showed that there was no significant difference in gait symmetry between the developed knee joints at different speeds, which could reach more than 88%. The simulation and evaluation of the prosthetic gait have good effects on the functional simulation and evaluation of the lower limb intelligent prosthesis.
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Adult , Humans , Artificial Limbs , Biomechanical Phenomena , Gait , Knee Joint , Knee Prosthesis , Prosthesis DesignABSTRACT
@#Objective To carry out a research of terrain recognition on intelligent knee joint from the perspective of pure visual information.Methods The whole experimental environment was illuminated by halogen lamp, which made the brightness and color temperature of the set scene change less. The machine vision module was embedded in the intelligent knee joint control system. The road image data was collected by the camera in real time, and the captured image was processed in grayscale. The normalized cross correlation algorithm (NCC) was used to match the image pattern to identify the corresponding road conditions.Results The accuracy rates of the road vision, up/down hill, and up/down stairs recognized by the machine vision module were 88.6%, 85.3%, 78.4%, 87.5%, and 77.9%, respectively. The recognition effect was good, and the recognition time was within one second, real-time performance was strong.Conclusion The effectiveness and feasibility of intelligent knee joint prosthetic road condition recognition based on pure visual information is proved.
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Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a kind of important barrier system in the body. It can have a choice to prevent certain substances from entering the brain, in order to maintain the relative stability of internal environment of the central nervous system (CNS). However, it also became an important restriction factor for the treatment of CNS diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) had good curative effects on several kinds of CNS diseases, which illustrated that effective composition of TCM can pass through or influence the function of BBB. This paper summarized the research progress of literatures on current pharmacological and clinical trials for the effect of TCM on BBB.
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The main pathological change of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was the formation of senile plaques (SP) induced by the abnormal accumulation ofβ-amyloid protein (Aβ). Blood-brain barrier (BBB) can regulate the Aβ metabolism in the brain through relevant transporter to complete the across BBB transport. This paper introduced two main transporters, which were the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1) in BBB for the elucidation of neuronal cell toxicity induced by inflammatory factors from Aβ accumulation within the brain. It further explored the regulation on two transport proteins, which were RAGE and LRP-1 in BBB for the reduction of abnormal accumulation of Aβ, relieving of inflammation in the brain, and protection of cerebral neurons by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
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With the current trend of globalization, unprecedented opportunities and enormous changes have emerged for the global development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, many old and new challenges and problems still remain, including partial or limited comprehension of acupuncture, oriental medicine and TCM, the existence of non-standardized institutes of TCM and acupuncture training schools, unqualified TCM practitioners, and problems concerning Chinese herbal medicine and inexperience in conducting TCM business. These problems will doubtlessly impede the further development of TCM worldwide in the foreseeable future. It is also clear that the globalization of TCM will require a large scale systematic project and constitute an arduous historical task. This paper aims to consolidate 6 strategic development modes to reinforce and facilitate the process of TCM globalization through a detailed analysis of both the present status and existing problems concerning the development of TCM in the United States.
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Objective To construct a plasmid DNA encoding G glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) and investigate the protective immune response against RSV infection. Methods Recombinant plasmid DNA of pcDNA3.1~G was constructed by standard RT-PCR based cloning procedure. The immunogenicity of recombinant G protein transiently expressed in HEK293 cells was detected by Western blot. BABL/c mice were intramuscularly immunized with pcDNA3.1~G. Samples of lung, sera, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were collected before and after RSV challenge; virus titer in lung was detected by viral titration; sections of paraffin embedding lung tissues were stained by haematoxylin and eosin(HE) for histological analyses; sera anti-RSV IgG levels were examined by ELISA; Th1/Th2 cytokine were detected by ELISA kit, the T lymphocyte subsets of BALF was determined by immunefluorescence staining followed by flow cytometry. Results Plasmid DNA of pcDNA3.1~G was successfully constructed. The expressed target protein possesses immunogenicity. After challenge, pcDNA3.1~G immunized mice presented relieved pathological changes in lung as well as reduced lung viral titers. The RSV specific IgG was detected in sera of immunized mice. There was significantly increased number of CD25~+CD4~+ T cells in mice BALF. Conclusion We constructed a pcDNA3.1~G plasmid DNA vaccination which can induce evident protective cellular immunity against RSV infection in mice with the increased number of CD25~+CD4~+ T cell subpopulation.