ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between different target levels of glucose and the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. METHODS: We designed a prospective study in a university hospital where 109 consecutive patients were enrolled during a six-month period. All patients were scheduled for open-heart surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups. One group consisted of 55 patients and had a target glucose level of 80-130 mg/dl, while the other contained 54 patients and had a target glucose level of 160-200 mg/dl. These parameters were controlled during surgery and for 36 hours after surgery in the intensive care unit. Primary outcomes were clinical outcomes, including time of mechanical ventilation, length of stay in the intensive care unit, infection, hypoglycemia, renal or neurological dysfunction, blood transfusion and length of stay in the hospital. The secondary outcome was a combined end-point (mortality at 30 days, infection or length of stay in the intensive care unit of more than 3 days). A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The anthropometric and clinical characteristics of the patients from each group were similar, except for weight and body mass index. The mean glucose level during the protocol period was 126.69 mg/dl in the treated group and 168.21 mg/dl in the control group (p<0.0016). There were no differences between groups regarding clinical outcomes, including the duration of mechanical ventilation, length of stay in the intensive care unit, blood transfusion, postoperative infection, hypoglycemic event, neurological dysfunction or 30-day mortality (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In 109 patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, both protocols of glycemic control in an intraoperative setting and in the intensive care unit were found to be safe, easily...
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Cardiopulmonary Bypass , Cardiovascular Diseases/blood , Perioperative Care , Cardiovascular Diseases/surgery , Monitoring, Physiologic , Prospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
A associaçäo de anestésicos locais em anestesia peridural tem sido analisada para reduzir as limitaçöes e desvantagens que os agentes isoladamente podem apresentar. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se existem vantagens no emprego da associaçäo lidocaína-bupivacaína em anestesia peridural para cirurgias ginecológicas. Em estudo prospctivo duplamente encoberto, 30 pacientes foram submetidas a laparotomias ginecológicas sob anestesia peridural lombar simples. As pacientes receberam, ao acaso, 25 ml de uma das seguintes soluçöes de anestésico local: lidocaína a 2 por cento (L), mistura de lidocaína a 2 por cento e bupivacaína 0,5 por cento wm iguais proporçöes (L+B) ou bupivacaína 0,5 por cento (B), todas com epinefrina 1:2000.000. Os tempos de latência das soluçöes foram: L=8,0, L+B=7,8 e B=9,2 minutos e os de analgesia: L=143, L+B=181 e B=206 minutos. O relaxamento abdominal, avaliado pelos cirurgiöes e anestesiologistas, foi considerado bom em todos os grupos. A necessidade de complementaçåo da anestesia no grupo que recebeu lidocaína foi de 04/09, devido ao tempo insuficiente do bloqueio em relaçäo ao ato operatório. As pacientes dos outros grupos näo necessitaram complementaçåo. Os efeitos hemodinâmicos foram semelhantes em todos os grupos; 05/09 pacientes do grupo L e 06/10 dos outros 2 grupos receberam vasopressor. Hipotensåo significativa ocorreu a partir de 15 e até 30 minutos no grupo lidocaína e lidocaína-bupivacaína, e, a partir de 30, e até 45 minutos, no grupo bupivacaína. Nåo foram encontradas vantagens na realizaçäo de anestesia peridural para laparotomias ginecológicas com soluçöes de lidocaína 2 por cento ou mistura de lidocaína-bupivacaína em volumes fixos de 25 ml.