ABSTRACT
Chlamydia psittaci infection stands out due to its zoonotic potential. It was detected in several orders, being Psittaciformes its main reservoir. Our objective was to investigate the occurrence of C. psittaci infection by clinical and environmental examination, as well as agent detection by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) from choanal and cloacal swabs in 46 blue-and-gold macaws (Ara ararauna) allocated at the Triage Center of Wild Animals, Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. The frequency of positive detection of the bacteria found was 50% (23/46) by cloacal swab. In this percentual, 26.09% (12/23) were also positive by choanal swab, being the probability of detection 2.83 times higher for cloacal swabs when compared to choanal ones (p 0.05). There was no association between body condition, temperature variations and PCR positivity for C. psittaci, being 34.78% of positive individuals asymptomatic to this disease. Therefore, our findings show agents dispersion at the squad and high frequency of asymptomatic birds. Considering the possibility of contagion to workers and free living birds, the quarantine in wildlife conservation and support centers, as well as the care with hygiene and individual protection for humans who deal with the animals, should be strictly followed even in the absence of clinical signs.