Determining the Presence of 5-Fluorouracil in Hamster Saliva by HPLC / Determinação, por CLAE, da Presença do 5-Fluorouracil em Saliva de Hamsters

Abstract Introduction: Various methods of analysis for the assay of chemotherapeutic agent 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) in human and animal biological fluids have previously been reported. However, there is no standardization for detecting 5-FU in the hamsters' saliva that received the chemotherapeutic agent. Objective: Considering that the administration of 5-FU in some way changes the morphology and function of the salivary glands, and that the presence of the chemotherapeutic agents in the oral mucosa may lead to some oral complications, the aim of this study was to determine the presence of 5-FU in the hamsters' saliva that received the chemotherapeutic agent, by means of the High Performance Liquid Chromatography technique (HPCL) since this animal model is used in studies of 5-FU induced oral mucositis and glandular hypofunction. Methods: Twelve animals were divided into 4 groups: CP and CPI, in which the animals received pilocarpine (CP) or pilocarpine + isoproterenol (CPI) and the chemotherapy vehicle intraperitoneally; and Groups QP and QPI, in which the animals received the same secretagogues listed above, and the chemotherapeutic agent 5-FU, respectively. After the secretagogue administration, saliva was collected from all the animals for a period of 60 mins. Subsequently, the saliva was frozen at -80 ˚C for later determination of the chemotherapeutic agent by HPLC. After the the chromatograms analysis, and based on the results obtained, it was possible to identify the presence of 5-FU in the saliva samples from hamsters that received the chemotherapeutic agent intraperitonally, by the HPLC technique. (AU)

Resumo Vários métodos de análise para o ensaio do quimioterápico 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) em fluidos biológicos de humanos e animais, foram previamente relatados. No entanto, não há uma padronização para detecção de 5-FU na saliva de hamsters que receberam o quimioterápico. Considerando que a administração do 5-FU altera de alguma maneira a morfologia e função das glândulas salivares, e que a presença do quimioterápico na mucosa oral pode levar a algumas complicações orais, este trabalho teve como objetivo de determinar a presença de 5-FU na saliva de hamsters que receberam o quimioterápico pela técnica de Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (CLAE), uma vez que este modelo animal é usado nos estudos com mucosite oral e hipofunção glandular, induzidas por 5-FU. Doze animais foram divididos em 4 grupos: CP e CPI, onde os animais receberam intraperitonealmente pilocarpina (CP) ou pilocarpina + isoproterenol (CPI) e o veículo do quimioterápico, e os grupos QP e QPI, onde os animais receberam, respectivamente, os mesmos secretagogos listados acima e o quimioterápico 5-FU. Após a administração do secretagogo, foi coletada a saliva de todos os animais, por um período de 60 min. Em seguida, a saliva foi congelada a -80 ˚C para posterior determinação do quimioterápico por CLAE. Após análise dos cromatogramas, e com base nos resultados obtidos, foi possível identificar a presença do 5-FU nas amostras de saliva de hamsters que receberam o quimioterápico via intraperitoneal pela técnica da CLAE. (AU)

Late recurrence of Burkitt's lymphoma in the jaw: numb chin syndrome as the only symptom

The Numb Chin Syndrome (NCS) is defined as facial and oral numbness restricted to the mental nerve's distribution involving the lower lip, skin of the chin, or gingiva of the lower anterior teeth. Hypoesthesia can occur unilaterally or bilaterally. Although this syndrome is rare, its importance is related to the fact that it represents the clinical manifestations of malignant diseases. Breast cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma are the most common cause of NCS. The patient, a 58-year-old woman, treated for a Burkitt Lymphoma (BL) nine years ago, described a two-week history of change in sensitivity and pain in the chin region, without relief with the use of analgesics. She had no headache, speech disturbance, dysphagia, visual disturbance, or other neurological symptoms. No surgical intervention has been performed recently. The intraoral examination revealed a healthy oral mucosa and a small area adjacent to the right mental nerve region that was uncomfortable to palpation. No changes were found in the bone trabeculae at cone-beam computed tomography. The contrasted magnetic resonance features made it possible to identify a change in the mandibular body extending to the entire right side, coinciding with the patient's complaint, indicating a probable mandibular medullary invasion. The patient was submitted to a biopsy to rule out a possible recurrence of BL. The microscopic findings were consistent with the diagnosis of BL. The present report described a very unusual presentation of late recurrent BL nine years after the first treatment, which manifested as an NCS.

Myeloid sarcoma in the tongue

Leukemic cells are rarely present in the oral cavity, and there are very few reports regarding such cases. However, we identified some reports of leukemic cells infiltrating tissues in the oral cavity, including gingival involvement. Recurrent painful oral ulcerations and prominent generalized periodontal destruction are the most common oral features of neutrophil disorders, and they may even be the initial symptoms of the disease. The ulcers may affect any part of the oral mucosa, including the tongue and palate. The objective of this report is to describe and discuss a case of myeloid sarcoma in the oral cavity of a 48-year-old male patient.

Fototerapia com Laser em Baixa Intensidade no Tratamento da Mucosite Oral / Low Intensity Laser Phototherapy on Treatment of oral Mucositis

O presente artigo se propõe a reportar a melhoria na qualidade de vida de um paciente oncológico, submetido a altas doses de quimioterapia, com o uso da Fototerapia com Laser em Baixa Intensidade. Neste relato, abordamos o efeito da FLBI no tratamento da MO (grau 3? OMS, Organização Mundial de Saúde) de um paciente de 59 anos, submetido a altas doses de quimioterapia para o tratamento de um adenocarcinoma de pâncreas. A FLBI foi realizada com um laser de diodo de 0,028 cm2 no comprimento de onda de 660 nm, com 100 mW e dose de 2 J de energia por ponto diariamente, por sete dias, tempo suficiente para reduzir a severidade e promover completa analgesia das lesões. Sugerimos que a fototerapia com laser em baixa intensidade é um tratamento eficaz para a MO, promovendo aumento da qualidade de vida do paciente oncológico.

In this case report, we approach the effect of LILP on treatment of OM (grade 3 ? WHO, World Health Organization) in a 59 years old patient underwent high-dose chemotherapy as treatment of the pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The LILP was performed with the doide laser with 0.028 cm2 at 660 nm, 100 mW, and 2 J of energy per point, daily, for seven days, sufficient time to reduce the severity and promote complete analgesia of lesions. We suggest that LILP is effective on treatment of OM, increasing the quality of life of oncologic patients.

Determinação da presença de 5-FU na saliva de hamsters que receberam o quimioterápico pela técnica de Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência / Determining the presence of 5-FU in the saliva of the hamsters that received chemotherapy by liquid chromatography of high efficiency

Vários métodos de análise para o ensaio do quimioterápico 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) em fluidos biológicos de humanos e animais, foram previamente relatados. Considerando que a administração do 5-FU altera de alguma maneira a morfologia e função das glândulas salivares, e que a presença do quimioterápico na mucosa oral pode levar a algumas complicações orais, este trabalho teve como objetivo de determinar a presença de 5-FU na saliva de hamsters que receberam o quimioterápico pela técnica de Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (CLAE), uma vez que este modelo animal é usado nos estudos com mucosite oral e hipofunção glandular, induzidas por 5-FU. Doze animais foram divididos em 4 grupos: CP e CPI, onde os animais receberam intraperitonealmente pilocarpina (CP) ou pilocarpina + isoproterenol (CPI) e o veículo do quimioterápico, e os grupos QP e QPI, onde os animais receberam, respectivamente, os mesmos secretagogos listados acima e o quimioterápico 5-FU. Após a administração do secretagogo, foi coletada a saliva de todos os animais, por um período de 60 min. Em seguida, a saliva foi congelada a -80 ?C para posterior determinação do quimioterápico por CLAE. Após análise dos cromatogramas, e com base nos resultados obtidos, foi possível identificar a presença do 5-FU nas amostras de saliva de hamsters que receberam o quimioterápico via intraperitoneal pela técnica da CLAE.

Various analytical methods for testing the chemotherapeutic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in biological fluids of humans and animals have been reported previously. Whereas the administration of 5-FU alter in any way the morphology and function of the salivary glands, and that the presence of chemotherapy in the oral mucosa can lead to some oral complications, this study aimed to determine the presence of 5-FU in chemotherapy treated hamsters saliva by Liquid Chromatography High Performance (HPLC), since this animal model is used in studies of oral mucositis and gland hypofunction induced by 5-FU. Twelve animals were divided into 4 groups: intraperitoneally pilocarpine (CP), pilocarpine + isoproterenol (CPI) and the chemotherapy of the vehicle, and the QP and QPI groups where the animals were, respectively, the same secretagogues listed above and 5-FU chemotherapy. After administration secretagogue, the saliva from all animals was collected for a period of 60 min. Then the saliva was frozen at -80 ºC for subsequent determination of chemotherapy by HPLC. After analysis of chromatograms, and based on the results obtained, it was possible to identify the presence of 5-FU in Hamsters saliva samples that received intraperitoneal chemotherapy via the technique of HPLC.