ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of the polymorphisms in the promoter of ATP binding cassette transporter (ABCG1) on the transcription activity,and the relationship of the polymorphisms with the susceptibility to coronary artery disease (CAD).Methods A case-control study was conducted,217 CADpatients and 142 controls were enrolled in this study.Thesingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter of ABCG1 were identified by sequencing.The promoter haplotypes of ABCG1 were determined with allele specific primer sequencing or Gene cloning sequencing.The transcription activity of the promoter haplotypes were evaluated with dual luciferase reporter system.The frequency of SNPs and haplotypes were analyzed between CAD group and the control group,premature CAD and non-premature CAD group,as well as multivessel lesion and single vessel lesion group.The frequency distribution was compared between two groups with x2 test or Fisher exact test.The difference of the luciferase activity was compared between groups by t-test or one-way analysis of variance.Results Only 3 SNPs were found in ABCG1 promoter sequence of about 1 000 bp upstream of the transcription start site,which are-384 (A/G),-204 (A/C) and-134 (T/G),respectively.The 3 SNPs are in strong linkage disequilibrium,Tajima's D =2.655 (P ＜ 0.01),which constituted 3 haplotypes.There was no significant difference in SNPs and haplotype frequency between the CAD group and the normal control group,and the severity of vascular disease and the early onset of coronary heart disease were not associated with the polymorphisms in ABCG1 promoter.There was no significant difference in the transcriptional activity of the three constitutive promoter haplotypes,but the transcriptional activity was notably elevated as the GAT haplotype was mutated into GAG (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The 3 SNPs identified in ABCG1 promoter region A did not alter the promoter activity.There was no significant correlation between the frequency distribution of SNPs and promoter haplotypes and the susceptibility to CAD.
ABSTRACT
Objective To develop a selective isolation media which has a high isolation ratio for Legionella.Methods We compared the growth of Legionella pneumonia on BCYE? plate (with DGVP), BCYE?(with GVPC) and BCYE? (with CCCV) by colony count and compared with BCYE? plate. The comparison of isolation ratio of Legionella pneumonia from air-conditions cooling water with 3 kinds of BCYE? plate containing different anti-reagents was performed.Results The results of colony count on BCYE? plate (with DGVP) and BCYE?(with GVPC) was identical with that on BCYE? plate at same concentration. But the result of colony count on BCYE? plate (with CCCV) was half of the former 2 kinds of plate. 5 strains of Legionella pneumonia isolated from 9 central air-condition cooling water were used by BCYE? plate (with DGVP) and BCYE? (with GVPC), while only 2 strains of Legionella pneumonia were isolated by BCYE? plate (with CCCV). Legionella pneumonia wasn′t detected by BCYE? plate.Conclusion BCYE? plate with antibiotics system of CCCV showed obvious suppression to Legionella pneumonia, and so that there was a low isolation ratio to Legionella pneumonia. But BCYE? plate with antibiotics system of DGVP and GVPC had a few suppression and showed a high isolatio ratio for Legionella pneumonia. Moreover, BCYE? plate with antibiotics system of DGVP and GVPC can effectively inhibit non-Legionella and increase isolation ratio of Legionella. They should be the first selection media for Legionella from environment and clinical samples.