ABSTRACT
Pacientes portadores de doença renal crônica submetidos à hemodiálise são sedentários devido a dor, fadiga muscular e baixo condicionamento físico. Estudos recentes demonstram os efeitos benéficos de programas de exercícios físicos para estes pacientes durante a hemodiálise resultando em melhor controle da hipertensão arterial, da capacidade funcional, da função cardíaca, da força muscular e, assim, da qualidade de vida. OBJETIVOS: Analisar pesquisas que mostram se o exercício físico produz ou não desfechos clínicos benéficos para indivíduos em hemodiálise. METODOLOGIA: Este artigo constitui-se de uma revisão sistemática composta por ensaios clínicos randomizados publicados entre 2014 e 2019 que relacionassem hemodiálise, exercício físico e qualidade de vida e que apresentassem escore de PEDro superior a 5. Foram excluídos os estudos que estavam em desconformidade com o tema proposto, artigos duplicados entre as bases de dados e intenções de pesquisa. As palavras-chave utilizadas para a busca seguiram a descrição dos termos DECS e MESH, sendo elas: Hemodiálise, exercício físico e qualidade de vida. Essas palavras estavam presentes em qualquer seção do artigo. RESULTADOS: Foram selecionados 15 estudos segundo os critérios de elegibilidade. Os artigos analisados obtiveram um total de 1057 participantes de ambos os sexos com idades entre 18 e 80 anos. Esses foram submetidos a exercícios aeróbicos, anaeróbicos e respiratórios, apresentaram desfechos clínicos benéficos nas três modalidades de exercício físico. CONCLUSÃO: Programas de exercício físico durante a hemodiálise otimizam o ganho da massa, força e resistência muscular, aptidão física, qualidade do sono, autopercepção de saúde, capacidade funcional e consequentemente a qualidade de vida.
Patients with chronic kidney disease submitted to hemodialysis are sedentary due to pain, muscle fatigue and poor physical condition. Recent studies demonstrate the beneficial effects of physical exercise programs to these patients during hemodialysis resulting in better control of hypertension, functional capacity, cardiac function, muscle strength and thus quality of life. OBJECTIVES: To analyze research works that show whether or not exercise produces beneficial clinical outcomes in individuals on hemodialysis. METHODOLOGY: This article is a systematic review of randomized controlled trials published between 2014 and 2019 that related hemodialysis, exercise and quality of life and had a PEDro score > 5. Studies that were not in conformity with the proposed theme, duplicate articles among the databases and research intentions were excluded. The keywords used for the search followed the description of DECS and MESH terms: Hemodialysis, exercise and quality of life. These words were found in any section of the article. RESULTS: 15 studies were selected according to the eligibility criteria. The articles analyzed had a total of 1057 participants of both sexes aged between 18 and 80 years. They were submitted to aerobic, anaerobic and respiratory exercises, and presented beneficial clinical outcomes in the three modalities of physical exercise. CONCLUSION: Physical exercise programs during hemodialysis optimize mass gain, strength and muscle endurance, physical fitness, quality of sleep, self-perception of health, functional capacity and consequently quality of life.
Subject(s)
Renal Dialysis , Quality of Life , ExerciseABSTRACT
Os distúrbios osteomusculares relacionados ao trabalho são um conjunto de afecções comumente ligadas ao trabalho e podem ocorrer de forma combinada ou não ao uso repetido e forçado de grupos musculares e à manutenção de posturas inadequadas. Sua incidência vem aumentando gradativamente a cada ano, devido à influência de diversos fatores. OBJETIVOS: Identificar a prevalência de lesões musculoesqueléticas em funcionários de empresas automotivas. METODOLOGIA: Este estudo foi do quantitativo e qualitativo. Participaram da pesquisa 23 voluntários, os quais foram analisados por meio de uma avaliação física e socioeconômica, além de ser aplicado o Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares. Os participantes foram observados durante a execução de suas atividades no seu ambiente de trabalho, onde foram analisadas as manutenções e compensações posturais e os principais movimentos durante as atividades. RESULTADOS: O estudo evidenciou dentre os participantes predomínio do sexo masculino, foi apresentada a distribuição da amostra em relação a faixa etária, escolaridade, tempo de serviço, função que exerce, percepção de esforço, além de relatar a existência de dor durante e/ou após ao horário de trabalho. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados apontaram para a região da coluna lombar como sendo a de maior intensidade de distúrbios musculoesqueléticos relacionados ao trabalho entre o grupo de trabalhadores pesquisados. Foi observado que não há uma relação linear entre sintomas osteomusculares, avaliação hemodinâmica, idade e tempo de serviço. Por outro lado, a baixa escolarização esteve associada com o aumento da probabilidade de diagnóstico.
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are a set of common conditions that can affect the combined form or not use repeated and forced repeated and forced muscle groups and the maintenance of inappropriate postures. Its incidence gradually arrives each year, due to the influence of several factors. OBJECTIVES: To identify the prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries in employees of automotive companies. METHODOLOGY: This study was quantitative and qualitative. 23 volunteers participated in the research, which were analyzed by means of a physical and socioeconomic evaluation, in addition to being applied or the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Participants were observed during the performance of their activities in their work environment, where they were analyzed as postural maintenance and compensation and the main movements during activities. RESULTS: The study showed among the participants with a predominance of male gender, who received a distribution of the sample in relation to age group, education, length of service, functions they exercise, perception of effort, in addition to relating a variable of pain during and/or after working hours. CONCLUSION: The results pointed to a region of the lumbar spine as being the highest intensity of work-related skeletal muscle disorders among the group of workers surveyed. It was observed that there is no linear relationship between musculoskeletal symptoms, hemodynamic assessment, age and length of service. On the other hand, low schooling was associated with an increased probability of diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Cumulative Trauma Disorders , Epidemiology , Occupational HealthABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Information processing speed is one of the most impaired cognitive functions in multiple sclerosis (MS). There are two tests widely used for evaluating information processing speed: the Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) and the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT). To analyze the relationship between processing speed and the clinical and social support variables of patients with MS. METHODS: A group of 47 patients with relapsing-remitting MS was studied, 31 were women and 16, men. Age: 39.04±13.17, years of schooling: 13.00±3.87, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS): 2.78±1.81, and disease evolution: 8.07±6.26. Instruments of measure; processing speed: SDMT, PASAT, clinical variables: EDSS, Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Beck's Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), and social support: Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS). RESULTS: Significant correlations were found between information processing speed and psychiatric, motor disability and social support variables. The SDMT correlated significantly and negatively with BDI-II, FSS, EDSS, and MOS (p < 0.05), whereas the PASAT correlated negatively with FSS and positively with MOS (p < 0.05). Information processing speed appeared as the performance predictor of these variables. The SDMT produced significant changes in EDSS (R2=0.343, p=0.000); FSS (R2=0.109, p=0.031); BDI-II (R2=0.124, p=0.018), and MOS (R2=between 0.212 and 0.379, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Information processing speed has influence on the clinical variables and the social support of patients with MS. These aspects are important to bear in mind for therapeutic approach.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Electronic Data Processing , Cognition , Depression , Fatigue , Multiple SclerosisABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The number of disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) available for treating relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis is increasing. Numerous drugs have been approved since 2010 in South America, which has increased the complexity of the treatment algorithm. The aim of this study was to determine the changes in multiple sclerosis treatments relative to the underlying causes and the availability of new DMDs in Argentina. METHODS: A descriptive retrospective study was carried out on a group of 59 patients diagnosed with RRMS who use more than one DMD. RESULTS: The first treatment switch occurred before 2010 in 27% of the patients and after 2010 in the other 73%. Efficacy was the main reason for switching during both periods. A second treatment switch was required in 25% of the patients, with this occurring after 2010 in 86.6% of them. Interferon was the most-used drug before 2010 and fingolimod was the most-used drug thereafter. CONCLUSIONS: We have identified that the tendency for treatment changes has increased following the arrival of new drugs. Efficacy has been the main cause of these changes.