ABSTRACT
Abstract The main objective of this study was to evaluate ex post facto resilience in persons with HIV infection and its relationship to socio-demographic and sexual behavior variables. Participants included 159 persons with HIV infection, of both sexes, aged between 19 and 55 years. Fifty-one percent of patients were infected through homosexual means. Sixty-seven percent were in the asymptomatic phase of infection. Assessment instruments used were the following: a questionnaire on socio-demographic data and sexual behavior and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. The evaluation was individual, voluntary, and anonymous. The results showed that 49.05% of patients had average resilience, 27.68% had high resilience, and 23.37% had low resilience. They found that heterosexual patients infected with HIV, diagnosed between 1985 and 1990 (23 and 28 years of diagnosis) and those who had disclosed their HIV status to more than 30 people, had greater resilience than homosexual patients, diagnosed between 1996 and 2000 (13 and 17 years of diagnosis) and those who had disclosed their HIV status to 1-5 people. Finally, resilience was not a predictor of sexual risk factor. It is suggested that health interventions take into account the resilience and psychological variables that may be beneficial to improve coping with the disease.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Sexual Behavior/psychology , HIV Infections/psychology , Resilience, Psychological , Socioeconomic Factors , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
El objetivo de este estudio es hacer una revisión teórica entre los años 2000 y 2011 sobre la resiliencia en adultos. Se trata de un estudio teórico. Para ello se realizó una búsqueda de artículos en las bases de datos Scopus, PsycInfo, Psicodoc, Web of Science y Dialnet y en los sumarios ISOC (Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades). En total, se localizaron 412 artículos que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión establecidos. Se concluye que en los estudios publicados entre los años 2000 y 2011 sobre resiliencia en personas adultas prevalecen las publicaciones con diseño transversal, en lengua inglesa, de tipo cuantitativo, con muestras estadounidenses y relacionando la resiliencia con los trastornos psicopatológicos. Se hace énfasis en la necesidad de incluir la resiliencia en programas educativos en salud, para mejorar las formas de afrontamiento en el contexto del riesgo y la adversidad.
The objective of this study is to make a theoretical review on resilience in adults between the year 2000 and 2011. A search of papers published in the databases Scopus, PsycInfo, Psicodoc, Web of Science and summaries Dialnet and ISOC (Social Sciences and Humanities) was performed. In total, 418 items were found that met the inclusion criteria. We conclude that in the studies published between 200 and 2011 on resilience in adults prevail cross-sectional studies, published in English, quantitative, and using samples from USA. Resilience is related psychological disorders. It is emphasized the need to include resilience in health education programs to improve ways of coping in the context of risk and adversity.