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Rev. colomb. anestesiol ; 45(2): 100-107, Apt.-June 2017. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-900343

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Intravenous rescue analgesia in the postoperative anesthesia care unit (PACU) is the most effective method for reducing postoperative pain (POP) when perioperative multimodal analgesia fails to control it. Appropriate analgesia during these first postoperative hours may prevent morbidity associated with pain. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of intravenous morphine versus fentanyl in the PACU for reducing severe POP. Methods: Randomized, prospective, double blind trial that included patients with severe POP using VAS in the PACU. Rescue was performed on one group with 01 mg/kg morphine and with another with 1 mcg/kg of fentanyl every 5 min intravenously until pain was reduced from severe to mild (VAS<4). 30 patients were included in both groups. Results: There were no significant differences in the percentage of patients with reduction of severe POP to mild 5 min after the injection of morphine or fentanyl, or in the subsequent rescue analgesia intervals (p > 0.05). Similarly, there were no significant differences in mean VAS (95% CI) in morphine or fentanyl groups beginning 5 min after the first analgesic dose (p > 0.05) between the groups. There were no significant differences in side effects such as respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting or pruritus (p = 1.0). There was a high satisfaction in both groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Morphine and fentanyl were equally effective in treating severe POP after 5 min and following intervals after rescue analgesia was initiated, during 25 min at PACU, with no differences in efficacy or adverse effects between groups Register # NCT02145975 clinical-trials.gov, prospective.


Introducción: La analgesia intravenosa de rescate en la unidad de cuidados postanestesicos (UCPA), es la forma más efectiva de reducir el dolor POP, cuando la analgesia mutimodal perioperatoria falla en controlarlo. Una adecuada analgesia en las primeras horas previene la morbilidad asociada al dolor. Objetivo: Compararla efectividad para reducir el dolor POP severo de fentanilo versus morfina en recuperación postanestésica. Metodología: Estudio aleatorizado, prospectivo, doble ciego, en pacientes con dolor severo POP medido con la escala EVA. El rescate se hizo con un grupo morfina a 0,1 mg/kg versus fentanilo a 1 mcg/kg, cada 5 minutos, vía intravenosa, hasta reducir el dolor de severo a leve (EVA <4). Se incluyeron 30 pacientes en el grupo morfina y 30 en el grupo fentanilo. Resultados: No se observaron diferencias en porcentaje de pacientes con reducción del dolor severo a leve desde los 5 minutos luego del rescate entre morfina o fentanilo, ó en los intervalos restantes (p>0,05). Similarmente, no se encontraron diferencias significativas en la media de EVA (IC 95%) desde los 5 minutos luego del rescate (p > 0.05) entre los grupos. No hubo diferencias en efectos adversos como depresión respiratoria, náuseas, vómitos o prurito entre grupos (p = 1,0). La satisfacción fue comparable en ambos grupos (p >0,05). Conclusiones: La morfina y el fentanilo fueron igualmente efectivos para el rescate en dolor severo desde los primeros 5 minutos, sin diferencias en los efectos adversos en ambos grupos. Registro # NCT02145975 (clinicaltrials.gov, prospectivo).


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