An investigation on heavy metals bio-sorption by azolla filiculoides in the international anzali wetland

The ultrasound assisted emulsification microextraction [USAEME] method followed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry [ICP-AES] was used for preconcentration and determination of bismuth [Bi], indium [In] and lead [Pb] hi the plant Azolla filiculoides Lam. Calix [4] pyrrole was used as a chelating agent and tetrachloroethylene was selected as extraction solvent. The main parameters of the USAEME method were optimized by using response surface methodology [RSM]. The optimal conditions were as follows: 130 microL for volume of extraction solvent, 4 min for sonication time, 6.75 [w/v%] for salt concentration, 890 mg/L for concentration of chelating agent and 7.5 for pH. The calibtaUou gxa